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HA17524P/FP
Switching Regulator Controller
Features
* * * * * * * Pulse width modulation (PWM) Wide oscillation frequency range: 450 kHz(typ) Low quiescent current: 5 mA typ Good line regulation (0.2% typ) and load regulation (0.4% typ) Independent output stages for 2 channels Wide external circuit applications including single-end and push-pull method Reference power source output stage and switching output stage include current limiting protection circuit.
Ordering Information
Type No. HA17524P HA17524FP Package 16 pin dual in line plastic(DP-16) 16 pin flat plastic (FP-16DA)
Pin Arrangement
INV. Input NON-INV. Input OSC Out CL(+) CL(-) RT CT GND
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 (Top View)
V REF VCC E2 C2 C1 E1 SHUT DOWN COMP
HA17524P/FP
Functional Description
Principals of HA17524 Operation The HA17524 switching regulator circuit, using pulse width modulation (PWM), is constructed as shown in figure 1. Timing resistances RT and timing capacitance C T control the oscillation frequency. CT is charged by a constant current generated by RT . Ramp signals (saw-tooth waves) at the CT terminal generated by this oscillator is available for reference input signal to comparator which control the pulse width.
VREF VCC 15 Ref. Volt. +5 V RT 6 CT 7 (Ramp) Osc. 16 +5 V to internal circuitry +5V OSC Out Q 3 Flip Flop Q +5V
--
12 C1 NOR Q1 11 E 1 13 C2 NOR Q2 14 E 2 4 CL(+) 5 CL(--)
Comparator INV. Input 1 NON-INV. Input 2 GND 8 +5V -- Error Amp.
+ +
+5V
+
C.L.
--
1k 10 SHUT DOWN 10k
9 COMP
Current Limiter
Figure 1 HA17524 Block Diagram The reference voltage connects to the non-inverted or inverted input terminal of the error amplifier via resistance divider (figure 2). The output voltage from the error amplifier is compared with the ramp signal capacitance CT (figure 1). The comparator can provide a signal with modulated pulse width. This signal, then, controls output transistors Q1 and Q 2, making an open loop to stabilize output voltage. Outputs form the error amplifier the current limiter, and the shut-down circuit are connected together at the comparator, so that an input signal from any one of these circuits can break the output stage.
2
HA17524P/FP
VREF 5k 5k To Positive Regulated Output Voltage VO + R1 - Error Amp 5k R 2 VREF 5k R1 + Error Amp To Negative Regulated Output Voltage VO (b) Reverse Output Stabilizing Source R + R2 VO = 5 - 2.5 1 (V) R1 -
R2
(a) Forward Output Stabilizing Source R + R2 VO = 2.5 1 (V) R1
Figure 2 Error Amplifier Biasing
3
HA17524P/FP
Blocks Description
Oscillator: The oscillation frequency f is calculated from the following equations. Figure 3 shows one example. f 1.15/(RT *CT) R T = 1.8k to 100 k C T = 0.001 to 0.1 F f = 140 Hz to 500 kHz
1M 400 k
C
VCC = 20 V Ta = 25C
Oscillating Frequency f (Hz)
T
=
100 k 40 k
0.
00
1
F
C
10 k 4k
T
=
0.
01
F
C
1k 400 100
T
=
0.
1
F
1k
4k
10 k
40 k 100 k
Timing Resistance RT ( )
Figure 3 Oscillating Frequency vs Timing Resistance Then the ramp wave shown in figure 4 is available at pin 7, C T terminal, since C T is charged by the constant current I generated by RT.
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HA17524P/FP
VREF Q1 Q2 T Q3 Discharge 6 RT I I 7 CT V VL VH
CT Terminal Waveform I VREF - VEB (Q2) - VEB (Q3) RT
V = VH - VL 3.8 - 0.9 = 2.9 V 1 T CT * V * I
Figure 4 Oscillating Circuit and CT Terminal Waveform The oscillator output pulse signal is used as the flip flop clock pulse and as switching pulses for the output transistors, synchronous to the clock pulse. The pulse-widths which can be controlled by the timing capacitor C T as shown in figure 5, increases output dead time.
10 VCC = 20 V RT = 10 k Ta = 25C
3 Dead Time (s)
1.0
0.3
0.1 0.001
0.003
0.01
0.03
0.1
Timing Capacitance CT (F)
Figure 5 Dead Time vs Timing Capacitance Reference Voltage: The built-in regulator (reference voltage: VREF = 5 0.4 V) can be used as a reference power supply for the error amplifier, which determines output voltage (V OUT). It is also connected as a bias source for another circuits in IC.
5
HA17524P/FP
Error Amplifier: Figure 2 shows error amplifier biasing, applied input voltage must be set within the range of common-mode input voltage (1.8 V to 3.4 V). Inserting a resistor and capacitor between phase compensation terminal (pin 9) and GND in series provides phase compensation. Current Limiter: The sense amplifier threshold voltage (VS) for the current limiter is: VS = VBE (Q ) + I1R2 - VBE (Q2) = I1R2 = 200 mV typ At the current limiter sense amp shown in figure 6, when V+ - V- 200 mV, Q1 turns on, phase compensation terminal becomes low and the output switching element is cut off.
Comp
CT Comparator
Error Amp Q1
R1
R2 I1 Q2 (+)C.L. V+
(-)C.L. V-
Sense Amp
Figure 6 Current Limiter Sense Amplifier Figure 7 shows an example of detecting current limit. The input voltage range is -0.7 V to +1.0 V; The current limit detection output is provided from GND line.
E1 E2 HA17524 CL(-) CL(+) RS
+VOUT
IOS =
VS RS
VS = 200 mV
Figure 7 Current Limit Detector Example Operating Waveforms
6
HA17524P/FP
Operating Waveforms Figure 9 shows operating waveforms at every part, when stepdown voltage type chopper switching regulator (figure 8) is used. Operating condition are as follows: f = 20 kHz, VOUT = 5 V. At the output section, two channels are connected in parallel. Operating waveforms inside the IC are also shown.
HA17524 VCC 5 k (15) VCC 5 k (1) Inv E1(11) 5 k (2) Non Inv C 1(12) 0.1 F 5 k (16)Ref C 2(13) 6 k (6) R T E2 (14) 0.01 F (7) C T +CL (4) (10)Shut -CL (5) Down (3) Comp (9) Osc Out (8) GND 15 V Q (A) L VOUT 5V
D 3 k
C
0.001 F 50 k
RS
Figure 8 Stepdown Voltage Type Chopper Switching Regulator
7
HA17524P/FP
CT Terminal Output Voltage of Error Amp OSC OUT Dead Time Comparator Out
Q(F/F)
Q(F/F)
C1 (Q1 ) On C2 (Q2 ) On A (Q) On On 50 s 50 s
Figure 9 Operating Waveforms
8
HA17524P/FP
Circuit Applications
Simplified inverting Regulator: Figure 10 shows the circuit configuration of HA17524 inverting regulator for light load (VOUT = -5 V)
VCC = 15 V
5 k 5 k 0.1 F 2 k 0.01 F
15 k 5 k
VCC E1 INV Input NON INV Input C 1 VREF C2 E2 RT CT CL(+) SHUT DOWN CL(-) COMP Osc Out GND
-5 V 20 mA 20 F
VOUT
- +
50 F
Figure 10 Simple Polarity Conversion Tracking Switching Regulator: Figure 11 shows the circuit configuration of a tracking regulator that uses a transformer. (VOUT = 15 V)
VCC = 5V
+ - 25k
50T 300 VCC INV. Input NON-INV. Input VREF E1 C1 C2 E2 CL(+) CL(-) COMP 0.001F
+ -4.7F
100F
200
20T 50T
50F - 50F -
+ +
+15V 20mA -15V
5k 5k 5k 2k
1M 0.1F
RT 0.02F CT SHUT DOWN OSC Out GND
620 510 1
Figure 11 Tracking Switching Regulator
9
HA17524P/FP
Push Pull Switching Regulator: Figure 12 shows the circuit configuration of push-pull switching regulator that uses transformer. This system is suited for high power. Output transistors inside HA17524 can drive external switching transistors.
VCC = 28V 5k 5k 5k 0.1F 2k RT 0.01F CT SHUT DOWN OSC Out GND CL(+) 0.1 CL(-) COMP 0.001F 20k
+ -
1k 1W VCC INV. Input NON-INV. Input VREF E1 C1 C2 E2
1k 1W 1mH 1k 20T 20T 5T 5T 1,500F
+ - 5V, 5A
5k
1k
100F
Figure 12 Push-Pull Switching Regulator
Note
Compared with conventional series regulators, switching regulators generate high frequency noise by switching current quickly. To reduce noise 1. As a general rule, insert line filter to reduce noise at the input. 2. To reduce noise at the output: a. Twist output wiring together. b. Do not bundle power source and output wiring. c. Insert capacitor should be inserted at the load side. d. Ground the power frame. 3. When choosing external parts (external switching transistor, diode, coil, etc) consider their capacitance and characteristics.
10
HA17524P/FP
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Unless otherwise specified, Ta = +25C)
Item Supply voltage Collector output current Reference output current Current through CT terminal Continuous total power dissipation Operating free-air temperature range Storage temperature range Symbol VCC IC I REF I CT PT Topr Tstg Rating 40 100 50 5 600 -20 to +75 -55 to +125 Unit V mA mA mA mW C C 3 Note 1, 2
Notes: 1. With respect to network ground terminal 2. The reference voltage can be given by connecting the V CC and 5 V reference output pins both to the supply voltage. In this configuration, VCC = 6 V max. 3. HA17524P: Value at Ta 52.7C, If Ta > 52.7C, derate by 8.3 mV/C
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HA17524P/FP
Electrical Characteristics (VCC = 20 V, f = 20 kHz, Ta = 25C)
Item Regulator Output voltage Input regulation Ripple rejection Output regulation Symbol VREF VOLine RREJ VOLoad Min 4.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.8 to 3.4 -- -- 0.5 -- -- Typ 5.0 10 66 20 0.3 0.4 100 2 2 60 -- 70 3 -- 450 5 Max 5.4 30 -- 50 1.0 1.36 -- 10 10 -- -- -- -- 3.8 -- -- Unit V mV dB mV % % mA mV A dB V dB MHz V kHz % CT = 0.001 F, RT = 2 k VCC = 8 to 40 V, RT = 1.8 to 100 k, C = Const VCC = 8 to 40 V Ta = 0 to +70C Ta = -20 to +75C Pin 3 CT = 0.01 F, Pin 3 Ta = 25C VCC = 8 to 40 V f = 120 Hz Iout = 0 to 20 mA Ta = 0 to +70C Ta = -20 to +75C VREF = 0 VIC = 2.5 V VIC = 2.5 V Test Conditions
Output voltage VO /Ta change with output temperature Short-circuit output I OS current (Note) Error amplifier Input offset voltage VIO Input bias current Open-loop voltage gain II AVD
Common-mode VCM input voltage range Common-mode Rejection ratio Unity-gain bandwidth Output swing Oscillator OSC frequency CMR BW VOPP f
Standard deviation f of frequency Frequency stability fLine f/Ta
-- -- --
-- 5.0 5.0 3.5 0.5 -- 1.0 3.5 -1
1.0 10 13.6 -- -- -- -- -- --
% % % V s % V V A
Output amplitude Output pulse width Comparator Maximum duty cycle Threshold voltage
V3(peak) TP Dmax Vth 0 Vth max
-- -- 45 -- -- --
Duty cycle = 0 Duty cycle = max
Input bias current
II
Note: Duration of the short-circuit should not exceed one second.
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HA17524P/FP
Electrical Characteristics (VCC = 20 V, f = 20 kHz, Ta = 25C) (cont)
Item Current limiter Symbol Input voltage range VIS Sense voltage VS Min -0.7 to +1.0 180 Typ -- 200 Max -- 220 Unit V mV V(Pin 9) = 2 V, Ta = 25C V(Pin 2) - V(Pin 1) 50 mV Test Conditions
Sensevoltage change with temperature Output Collector-emitter breakdown voltage Collector off-state current Collector-emitter saturation voltage Emitter output voltage Rise time Fall time Total device Standby current
VS/Ta
--
0.2
--
mV/C Ta = -20 to +75C
VCE I Leak VCE(sat) VE tr tf I ST
40 -- -- 17 -- -- --
-- 0.01 1 18 0.2 0.1 5.0
-- 50 2 -- -- -- 10
V A V V s s mA VCC = 40 V, V2 = 2 V, Pins 1, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 14grounded, All other pins open VCE = 40 V I C = 50 mA VCC = 20 V, I E = -250 A RC = 2 k
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HA17524P/FP
Characteristic Curves
Output Voltage vs. Supply Voltage 6.0 Output Voltage VREF (V) 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 10 20 30 40 Ta = 25C IO = 0
Supply Voltage VCC (V)
Output Saturation Voltage vs. Output Collector Current 1.0 Output Saturation Voltage VCE(sat) (V)
0.5
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
Output Collector Current IC (mA)
14
HA17524P/FP
Oscillating Frequency vs. Timing Resistance 500 k VCC = 20 V Ta = 25C C 100 k T= 0.0 01 50 k F 20 k 10 k 5k 2k 1k 500 200 100 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 Timing Resistance RT (k)
C
T
Oscillating Frequency f (Hz)
C
T
=
0.0
1
F
=
0.1
F
Output Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature 5.1 VCC = 20 V I O = 0 mA Output Voltage VREF (V)
5.0
4.9
4.8 -20
0
20
40
60
75
Ambient Temperature (C)
15
HA17524P/FP
Dead Time vs. Timing Capacitance 10 VCC = 20 V RT = 10 k Ta = 25C
3 Dead Time (s)
1.0
0.3
0.1 0.001
0.003
0.01
0.03
0.1
Timing Capacitance CT (F)
16
HA17524P/FP
Package Dimensions
Unit: mm
19.20 20.00 Max 16 9
7.40 Max 6.30
1 1.3
1.11 Max
8
0.51 Min
2.54 Min 5.06 Max
7.62
2.54 0.25
0.48 0.10
0.25 - 0.05 0 - 15
Hitachi Code JEDEC EIAJ Mass (reference value)
+ 0.13
DP-16 Conforms Conforms 1.07 g
Unit: mm
10.06 10.5 Max 16 9
5.5
1
*0.22 0.05 0.20 0.04
8 0.80 Max
2.20 Max
0.20 7.80 + 0.30 -
1.15 0 - 8 0.70 0.20
1.27 *0.42 0.08 0.40 0.06
0.12 M
Hitachi Code JEDEC EIAJ Mass (reference value) FP-16DA -- Conforms 0.24 g
*Dimension including the plating thickness Base material dimension
0.10 0.10
0.15
17
HA17524P/FP
Cautions
1. Hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of Hitachi's or any third party's patent, copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in this document. Hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party's rights, including intellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information contained in this document. 2. Products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. Confirm that you have received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or use. 3. Hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability. However, contact Hitachi's sales office before using the product in an application that demands especially high quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly threaten human life or cause risk of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear power, combustion control, transportation, traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for life support. 4. Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi particularly for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics, installation conditions and other characteristics. Hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or damage when used beyond the guaranteed ranges. Even within the guaranteed ranges, consider normally foreseeable failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and employ systemic measures such as failsafes, so that the equipment incorporating Hitachi product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other consequential damage due to operation of the Hitachi product. 5. This product is not designed to be radiation resistant. 6. No one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document without written approval from Hitachi. 7. Contact Hitachi's sales office for any questions regarding this document or Hitachi semiconductor products.
Hitachi, Ltd.
Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits. Nippon Bldg., 2-6-2, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan Tel: Tokyo (03) 3270-2111 Fax: (03) 3270-5109
URL
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Hitachi Semiconductor (America) Inc. 179 East Tasman Drive, San Jose,CA 95134 Tel: <1> (408) 433-1990 Fax: <1>(408) 433-0223 Hitachi Europe GmbH Electronic components Group Dornacher Strae 3 D-85622 Feldkirchen, Munich Germany Tel: <49> (89) 9 9180-0 Fax: <49> (89) 9 29 30 00 Hitachi Europe Ltd. Electronic Components Group. Whitebrook Park Lower Cookham Road Maidenhead Berkshire SL6 8YA, United Kingdom Tel: <44> (1628) 585000 Fax: <44> (1628) 778322 Hitachi Asia Pte. Ltd. 16 Collyer Quay #20-00 Hitachi Tower Singapore 049318 Tel: 535-2100 Fax: 535-1533 Hitachi Asia Ltd. Taipei Branch Office 3F, Hung Kuo Building. No.167, Tun-Hwa North Road, Taipei (105) Tel: <886> (2) 2718-3666 Fax: <886> (2) 2718-8180 Hitachi Asia (Hong Kong) Ltd. Group III (Electronic Components) 7/F., North Tower, World Finance Centre, Harbour City, Canton Road, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: <852> (2) 735 9218 Fax: <852> (2) 730 0281 Telex: 40815 HITEC HX
Copyright ' Hitachi, Ltd., 1998. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.
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