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(R)
VB409 / VB409SP
HIGH VOLTAGE REGULATOR POWER I.C.
PRELIMINARY DATA
TYPE VB409 VB409SP
ICL(in) 0.8 A
ICL(out) 70 mA
VOUT 5V 5%
s s s s s s
NO HIGH VOLTAGE EXTERNAL CAPACITOR 5 V DC REGULATED OUTPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT CURRENT LIMITED TO 70 mA THERMAL SHUT-DOWN PROTECTION INPUT OVERCURRENT PROTECTION POWER DISSIPATION INTERNALLY LIMITED
10
1
PENTAWATT HV(022Y)
PowerSO-10TM
DESCRIPTION The VB409 VB409SP are fully protected positive voltage regulator designed in STMicroelectronics High Voltage VIPowerTM technology. The devices can be connected directly to the rectified mains (110V/230V). The devices are well suited for applications powered from the AC mains and requiring a 5V DC regulated output voltage without galvanic insulation. VB409, VB409SP provides up to 70 mA output current (internally limited) at 5V. The included over current and BLOCK DIAGRAM
ORDER CODES: PENTAWATT HV(022Y) VB409 PowerSO-10TM VB409SP
thermal shutdown provide protection for the device.
INPUT
Cap
Input current limiter
Threshold
Vref1 Thermal protection Vref2 Output current limiter
GND
Vref3
OUTPUT
April 2000
1/9
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VB409 / VB409SP
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING
Symbol VIN,OUT IOUT PTOT IIN Tj T STG Parameter Input to output voltage Output current Power dissipation at T C=25C Input current Junction operating temperature Storage temperature Value - 0.2 to 420 Internally limited Internally limited Internally limited - 40 to 125 - 55 to 150 Unit V mA W mA C C
THERMAL DATA
Symbol Rthj-amb Rthj-case Parameter Thermal resistance junction-ambient Thermal resistance junction-case Value PENTAWATT POWERSO-10 (MAX) 60 50 (MAX) 1.1 Unit Unit C/W C/W
CONNECTION DIAGRAM (TOP VIEW)
CAPACITOR THRESHOLD N.C. GROUND OUTPUT
6 7 8 9 10 11 INPUT
5 4 3 2 1
N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C. N.C.
5 4 3 2 1
PC10000
OUTPUT GROUND INPUT THRESHOLD CAPACITOR
POWERSO-10
PENTAWATT HV(022Y)
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN=230Vr.m.s.; 50Hz; C1=100F; V1=50V (See Fig. 2); IOUT =25mA; VOUT=5V; -25CSymbol VIN(ac) BVIN-GND fIN VOUT VOUT/Vcap VOUT/IOUT ICL(out) T jsh Tjsh Id Vd ICL(in) Vcap/T Vcap(max) Vref1 Ith 2/9 Parameter Input voltage a.c. Breakdown voltage input-ground in off state Input frequency Output voltage Cap regulation Load regulation Output current limit Junction temperature shutdown limit Junction temperature shutdown hysteresis Quiescent current Dropout voltage (Vcap to VOUT) Input clamp current Drift of capacitor pin voltage in temperature Max clamped voltage on cap pin Reference threshold Voltage Current on threshold pin Test Conditions Min 15 650 0 4.75 Vcap=8 to 12V; VIN=0V; T j=25C IOUT=1 to 40mA; Vcap=10V; T j=25C T j=25C 1 5.25 7 500 90 150 Typ Max 230 Unit Vr.m.s. V kHz V mV/V V/mA mA C C 2 3 0.8 -15 12 10 10.5 100 14.5 11 2 mA V A mV/C V V A
5
70 140 35
T j=25C; IOUT=0A T j=25C
1
VB409 / VB409SP
OPERATION DESCRIPTION The VB409, VB409SP contain two separate stages, as shown in the block diagram. The first stage is a preregulator that translates the high rectified mains voltage to a low voltage and charges an external electrolytic capacitor. The second stage is a simple 5V regulator. The typical operating waveforms are shown in Figure 2. The device may be driven by a half wave (110 or 230 Vr.m.s.) or by a full wave using a bridge rectifier. Current flow through the preregulator stage is provided by the trilinton only during a conduction angle, at both the start and the end of each half cycle. This angle is set by adjusting the external resistor divider (R1 and R2), in order to set the time t1 at which voltage at the threshold pin reaches the internal threshold Vref1 (see Figure 2a). When the threshold pin voltage gets over Vref1, the series trilinton is switched off and remains off until voltage at the threshold pin again drops below the internal threshold. Using this technique, energy is drawn from the AC mains only during the low voltage portions of each positive half cycle, thus reducing the dissipation in the first stage. During the conduction angle, current provided by the trilinton is used to supply the load and to charge the capacitor C1. In such a way, when the trilinton switches off, the load receives the required current by the capacitor discharge. For this reason it is important to set properly the conduction angle: during this period C1 has to reach a sufficient charge to guarantee that, at the end of discharging, the voltage drop between the capacitor and the output pin is over 2V. Assuming that conduction angle has been set, two different possibilities can occur: 1) C1 value is such to reach Vcap(max) within the conduction angle. As the comparator also senses C1 voltage, when Vcap gets over Vref1, the trilinton would switch off. But doing this, the capacitor would discharge through the load so reducing its voltage. As soon as Vcap drops below Vref1, the trilinton switches on. As consequence the trilinton reaches a stable condition limiting the current to a value sufficient to supply the load and hold the capacitor voltage just below Vcap(max) (see figures 2b and 2c). 2) C1 value is such to reach Vcap(max) outside the conduction angle. In this case the trilinton doesn't reduce the current, but hold it to a constant value (ICL(in)) during the whole conduction angle (see figures 3a and 3b). As there are two conduction angles for each half cycle, the capacitor is recharged twice during each period. In such a way the capacitor voltage has a small ripple and, consequently, it needs a small current to regenerate its charge. The device has integrated current limit and thermal shutdown protections. The thermal shutdown turns the low voltage stage off, if the die temperature exceeds a predetermined value. Hysteresis in the thermal sense circuit holds the device off until the die temperature cools down.
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VB409 / VB409SP
Figure 1: Application scheme
MAIN
INPUT
Cap
C1
+
R1
Input current limiter
Threshold
Vref1 Thermal protection Vref2 Output current limiter
R2
GND
Vref3
OUTPUT
VB049a1
RLOAD
APPLICATION EXAMPLE (without heatsink; R1=1M; C1=47F)
IOUT 10 mA 15 mA 20 mA R2 560 K 470 K 390 K PAV 0.32 W 0.49 W 0.67 W
(without heatsink; R1=1M; C1=100F)
IOUT 20mA 25mA 30mA 35mA 40mA R2 390 K 330 K 270 K 220 K 180 K PAV 0.70 W 0.92 W 1.20 W 1.53 W 1.92 W
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VB409 / VB409SP
Figure 2: typical waveforms
Rectified Main Vmax V1
Figure 2a
t1
t2
T/2
T t
Figure 2b
Vcap Vcap(max) Vcap(min)
t
Figure 2c
IIN ICL(in)
t IOUT
Figure 2d
t
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VB409 / VB409SP
AVERAGE POWER CALCULATION IN WORST CASE As before explained, the device also senses the preregulator voltage (Vcap), so that as soon as the capacitor reaches its maximum voltage, the trilinton reduces the current so limiting furtherly
V IN v m ax V1
power dissipation. On the contrary if the capacitor doesn't reach the maximum value, the trilinton supplies current at a steady value (Imax) during the whole conduction angle. This is obviously the worst case, in which the average power dissipation is maximum.
Figure 3a
V IN
Vmax sin ( ---- t ) T = 0
2
0
T t --2
T -2
tT
0 I IN I CL(in)
t1
t2
T/2
T
t
Figure 3b
IIN
ICL ( in ) = 0
0
t2 t
2 elsewhere
t t1 T --
t
Vcap
t
Assuming that
[0,t1] = [t2, T] -2
are the conduction angles, it results:
PAV
=
1 -T
( VIN II N ) d t
0
T
1 = -T
t1
0
( VIN ICL ( in) ) d t + ( V IN ICL ( in) ) dt =
t2 T -2 t2
T 2
ICL ( in ) Vmax = -------------------------T
t1
0
2 sin ( ---- t ) dt T
+
2 -sin ( -- - t ) dt T
ICL ( in) V m ax -- -- --= ------- ---------- -- - 2
T
t1
0
2 sin ( ---- t ) dt = T
ICL (i n) Vmax T 2 -= 2 -------------------------- ---- [ - cos ( ---- t 1 ) + cos 0 ] = ICL-- ------- ma- 1 - ------( in) V x -- --------T T 2
1
-
2 sin2 ( ---- t1 ) = T
As for t1:
--V --- = -- 1 -Vmax
2 sin ( ---- t1 ) T
it follows:
ICL ( in) Vmax PAV = -------------------------
1
-
1
- --------- Vmax
V1
2
Where
V1
=
R1 Vr ef 1 ( 1 + ------- ) R2
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VB409 / VB409SP
PENTAWATT HV 022Y (VERTICAL HIGH PITCH) MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. A C D E F G1 G2 H1 H2 H3 L L1 L3 L5 L6 L7 M M1 R V4 Diam. 3.70 10.05 16.42 14.60 20.52 2.60 15.10 6.00 2.50 5.00 0.50 90 3.90
L
mm. MIN. 4.30 1.17 2.40 0.35 0.60 4.91 7.49 9.30 TYP MAX. 4.80 1.37 2.80 0.55 0.80 5.21 7.80 9.70 10.40 10.40 17.42 15.22 21.52 3.00 15.80 6.60 3.10 5.70 0.396 0.646 0.575 0.808 0.102 0.594 0.236 0.098 0.197 MIN. 0.169 0.046 0.094 0.014 0.024 0.193 0.295 0.366
inch TYP. MAX. 0.189 0.054 0.110 0.022 0.031 0.205 0.307 0.382 0.409 0.409 0.686 0.599 0.847 0.118 0.622 0.260 0.122 0.224 0.020 90 0.146 0.154
L1
E
M1 G2 G1
A
M D C R
Resin between leads
L6 L7
V4 H1 H3 H2 F DIA L3 L5
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VB409 / VB409SP
PowerSO-10TM MECHANICAL DATA
DIM. A A1 B c D D1 E E1 E2 E3 E4 e F H h L Q 0 1.20 1.70 8 1.25 13.80 0.50 1.80 0.047 0.067 mm. MIN. 3.35 0.00 0.40 0.35 9.40 7.40 9.30 7.20 7.20 6.10 5.90 1.27 1.35 14.40 0.049 0.543 0.002 0.070 TYP MAX. 3.65 0.10 0.60 0.55 9.60 7.60 9.50 7.40 7.60 6.35 6.10 MIN. 0.132 0.000 0.016 0.013 0.370 0.291 0.366 0.283 0.283 0.240 0.232 0.050 0.053 0.567 inch TYP. MAX. 0.144 0.004 0.024 0.022 0.378 0.300 0.374 0.291 300 0.250 0.240
B
0.10 A B
10 = H = A F A1 =
6
=
=
=
E = 1 5
=
E2
E3
E1
E4
=
=
=
=
SEATING PLANE DETAIL "A" Q
e
0.25
M
B
A
C
h
D = D1 = = = SEATING PLANE
A1
L DETAIL "A"
8/9
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VB409 / VB409SP
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may results from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2000 STMicroelectronics - Printed in ITALY- All Rights Reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com
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