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19-3146; Rev 0; 1/04
Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
General Description
The MAX9716/MAX9717 audio power amplifiers are ideal for portable audio devices with internal speakers. A bridge-tied load (BTL) architecture minimizes external component count, while providing high-quality audio reproduction. Both devices deliver 1.4W continuous power into a 4 load with less than 1% Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) while operating from a single +5V supply. With an 8 load, both devices deliver 1W continuous power. These devices also deliver 350mW continuous power into an 8 load while operating from a single +3.0V supply. The devices are available as adjustable gain amplifiers (MAX9716/MAX9717A) or with internally fixed gains of 6dB, 9dB, and 12dB (MAX9717B/ MAX9717C/MAX9717D), reducing component count. A low-power shutdown mode disables the bias generator and amplifiers, reducing quiescent current consumption to less than 10nA. These devices feature Maxim's industry-leading, comprehensive click-and-pop suppression that reduces audible clicks and pops during startup and shutdown. The MAX9717 features a headphone sense input (BTL/SE) that senses when a headphone is connected to the device, disables the BTL slave driver, muting the speaker while driving the headphone as a single-ended load. The MAX9716 is pin compatible with the LM4890 and is available in 9-bump UCSPTM, 8-pin TDFN (3mm x 3mm), and 8-pin MAX packages. The MAX9717 is available in 9-bump UCSP, 8-pin TDFN, and 8-pin MAX packages. Both devices operate over the -40C to +85C extended temperature range. 1.4W into 4 at 1% THD+N 10nA Low-Power Shutdown Mode 73dB PSRR at 1kHz No Audible Clicks or Pops at Power-Up/Down Internal Fixed Gain to Reduce Component Count (MAX9717B/C/D) Adjustable Gain Option (MAX9716/MAX9717A) BTL /SE Input Senses when Headphones are Connected (MAX9717) Pin Compatible with LM4890 (MAX9716) Pin Compatible with TPA711 (MAX9717A) Available in Compact, Thermally Enhanced MAX and TDFN (3mm x 3mm) Packages
Features
2.7V to 5.5V Single-Supply Operation
MAX9716/MAX9717
Ordering Information
PART MAX9716ETA MAX9716EBL-T* MAX9716EUA TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PINPACKAGE 8 TDFN-EP** 3 x 3 UCSP 8 MAX-EP** GAIN (dB) Adj. Adj. Adj.
Applications
Mobile Phones PDAs Portable Devices
*Future product--contact factory for availability. **EP = Exposed paddle. Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. Pin Configurations and Selector Guide appear at end of data sheet.
Simplified Block Diagrams
SINGLE SUPPLY 2.7V TO 5.5V SINGLE SUPPLY 2.7V TO 5.5V
BIAS
BIAS
MAX9716
MAX9717B/C/D
IN-
IN-
BTL/SE
VCC
UCSP is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage (VCC to GND) ..................................-0.3V to +6V Any Other Pin to GND ...............................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) IN_, BIAS, SHDN, BTL/SE Continuous Current...................20mA OUT_ Short-Circuit Duration to GND or VCC (Note 1)...Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 8-Pin TDFN (derate 24.4mW/C above +70C) .........1951mW 8-Pin MAX (derate 10.3mW/C above +70C) ...........825mW 9-Bump UCSP (derate 5.2mW/C above 70C) ...........412mW Operating Temperature Range ..........................-40C to +85C Maximum Junction Temperature ....................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C Bump Temperature (soldering)........................................+235C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--5V Supply
(VCC = 5V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25C. CBIAS = 1F, RIN = RF = 20k (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Quiescent Supply Current Shutdown Supply Current SHDN Threshold SYMBOL VCC ICC ISHDN VIH VIL VIH BTL/SE Threshold VIL Common-Mode Bias Voltage Output Offset Voltage VBIAS VOS (Note 4) VIN- = VOUT+, VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 5) VCC = 2.7V to 5.5V Power-Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR VIN+ = VBIAS, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P, RL = 8 (Note 6) DC, VBIAS = 1.5V f = 217Hz f = 1kHz 0.8 60 VCC/2 - 6% VCC/2 7 80 61 73 1.1 1.4 0.155 0.024 106 105 % nV/Hz dB W dB 0.9 x VCC 0.7 x VCC VCC/2 + 6% 15 V mV CONDITIONS Inferred by PSRR test VIN- = VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 3), TA = -40C to +85C SHDN = GND 1.2 0.4 MIN 2.7 4.3 0.01 TYP MAX 5.5 8 1 UNITS V mA A V
V
RL = 8, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) Output Power POUT RL = 4, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) RL = 16, BTL/SE = VCC (single-ended mode), THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz AV = 6dB, RL = 8, fIN = 1kHz, POUT = 0.5W (Note 8) fIN = 10kHz THD+N = 1%
Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Output Noise Density Signal-to-Noise Ratio
THD+N en SNR
2
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--5V Supply (continued)
(VCC = 5V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25C. CBIAS = 1F, RIN = RF = 20k (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Output Short-Circuit Current Limit Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Power-Up/Enable from Shutdown Time (Note 10) Shutdown Time Input Resistance tPU tSHDN RIN MAX9717B/C/D 12 CBIAS = 0.1F SYMBOL ISC (Note 9) CONDITIONS MIN TYP 1.1 +160 15 250 25 5 20 28 MAX UNITS A C C ms s k
MAX9716/MAX9717
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--3V Supply
(VCC = 3V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25C. CBIAS = 1F, RIN = RF = 20k (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Quiescent Supply Current Shutdown Supply Current SHDN Threshold SYMBOL ICC ISHDN VIH VIL VIH BTL/SE Threshold VIL Common-Mode Bias Voltage Output Offset Voltage VBIAS VOS (Note 4) VIN- = VOUT+, VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 5) VIN+ = VBIAS, VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P, RL = 8 (Note 6) f = 217Hz f = 1kHz VCC/2 - 9% VCC/2 7 61 dB 73 350 525 0.024 106 100 mW % nV/Hz dB 0.9 x VCC 0.7 x VCC VCC/2 + 9% 15 V mV CONDITIONS VIN- = VIN+ = VBIAS (Note 3), TA = -40C to +85C SHDN = GND 1.2 0.4 MIN TYP 4 0.01 MAX 8.0 1 UNITS mA A V
V
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
PSRR
Output Power Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise Output-Noise Density Signal-to-Noise Ratio
POUT THD+N en SNR
RL = 8, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) RL = 4, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 7) AV = 6dB, RL = 8, fIN = 1kHz, POUT = 0.5W, VCC = 3V (Note 8) fIN = 10kHz THD+N = 1%
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3
Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--3V Supply (continued)
(VCC = 3V, GND = 0, SHDN = VCC, TA = +25C. CBIAS = 1F, RIN = RF = 20k (MAX9716/MAX9717A), IN+ = BIAS (MAX9716), BTL/SE = GND (MAX9717_), RL = connected between OUT+ and OUT-. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Output Short-Circuit Current Limit Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis Power-Up/Enable from Shutdown Time (Note 10) Shutdown Time Input Resistance tPU tSHDN RIN MAX9717B/C/D 12 CBIAS = 0.1F SYMBOL ISC (Note 9) CONDITIONS MIN TYP 1.1 +160 15 250 25 5 20 28 MAX UNITS A C C ms s k
Note 1: Continuous power dissipation must also be observed. Note 2: All specifications are tested at TA = +25C. Specifications over temperature (TA = TMIN to TMAX) are not production tested, and guaranteed by design. Note 3: Quiescent power-supply current is specified and tested with no load. Quiescent power-supply current depends on the offset voltage when a practical load is connected to the amplifier. Note 4: Common-mode bias voltage is the voltage on BIAS and is nominally VCC/2. Note 5: VOS = VOUT+ - VOUT-. Note 6: The amplifier input IN- is AC-coupled to GND through CIN. Note 7: Output power is specified by a combination of a functional output current test and characterization analysis. Note 8: Measurement bandwidth for THD+N is 22Hz to 22kHz. Note 9: Extended short-circuit conditions result in a pulsed output. Note 10: Time for VOUT to rise to 50% of final DC value.
4
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc01
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc02
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
VCC = 3V RL = 8 AV = 6dB
MAX9716 toc03
100 VCC = 5V RL = 8 AV = 6dB
100 VCC = 5V RL = 8 AV = 12dB
100
10
10
10
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
1
1
THD+N (%)
1
0.1
OUTPUT POWER = 800mW
0.1
OUTPUT POWER = 800mW
0.1
OUTPUT POWER = 250mW
0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 30mW 0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
0.01 OUTPUT POWER = 200mW 0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
0.01
OUTPUT POWER = 30mW
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc04
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc05
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
VCC = 5V RL = 4 AV = 12dB
MAX9716 toc06
100 VCC = 3V RL = 8 AV = 12dB
100 VCC = 5V RL = 4 AV = 6dB
100
10
10
10
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
1 OUTPUT POWER = 200mW
1 OUTPUT POWER = 1W 0.1 OUTPUT POWER = 200mW
THD+N (%)
1 OUTPUT POWER = 1W 0.1
0.1
0.01
OUTPUT POWER = 50mW
0.01
0.01
OUTPUT POWER = 250mW
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc07
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
VCC = 3V RL = 4 AV = 12dB
MAX9716 toc08
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY (SINGLE-ENDED)
VCC = 5V RL = 16 AV = 12dB
MAX9716 toc09
100 VCC = 3V RL = 4 AV = 6dB
100
100 10 1
10
10
THD+N (%)
1 OUTPUT POWER = 350mW
THD+N (%)
1 OUTPUT POWER = 350mW 0.1
THD+N (%)
0.1 0.01
0.1
OUTPUT POWER = 125mW
0.01
OUTPUT POWER = 50mW
0.01
OUTPUT POWER = 50mW
0.001 0.0001
OUTPUT POWER = 25mW
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
0.001 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
10
100
1k FREQUENCY (Hz)
10k
100k
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc10
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc11
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
VCC = 3V RL = 8 AV = 6dB
MAX9716 toc12
100 VCC = 5V RL = 8 AV = 6dB
100 VCC = 5V RL = 8 AV = 12dB
100
10
10
10
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
1 fIN = 100Hz fIN = 10kHz
1 fIN = 10kHz
THD+N (%)
1 fIN = 100Hz fIN = 10kHz
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.01 fIN = 1kHz 0.001 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 OUTPUT POWER (W)
0.01 fIN = 1kHz 0.001 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 OUTPUT POWER (W) fIN = 100Hz
0.01 fIN = 1kHz 0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 OUTPUT POWER (mW)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc13
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc14
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
VCC = 5V RL = 4 AV = 12dB
MAX9716 toc15
100 VCC = 3V RL = 8 AV = 12dB
100 VCC = 5V RL = 4 AV = 6dB
100
10
10
10
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
1 fIN = 10kHz
1 fIN = 100Hz 0.1 fIN = 10kHz
THD+N (%)
1 fIN = 10kHz 0.1
0.1
0.01 fIN = 1kHz 0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 OUTPUT POWER (mW) fIN = 100Hz
0.01
fIN = 1kHz
0.01
fIN = 100Hz
fIN = 1kHz
0.001 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 OUTPUT POWER (W)
0.001 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 OUTPUT POWER (W)
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc16
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc17
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER (SINGLE-ENDED)
VCC = 5V RL = 16 AV = 6dB
MAX9716 toc18
100 VCC = 3V RL = 4 AV = 6dB
100 VCC = 3V RL = 4 AV = 12dB
100
10
10
10
fIN = 100Hz fIN = 1kHz fIN = 10kHz
THD+N (%)
THD+N (%)
1 fIN = 1kHz 0.1 fIN = 10kHz
1 fIN = 1kHz 0.1 fIN = 10kHz
THD+N (%)
1
0.1
0.01
fIN = 100Hz
0.01
fIN = 100Hz
0.01
0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 OUTPUT POWER (mW)
0.001 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 OUTPUT POWER (mW)
0.001 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 OUTPUT POWER (mW)
6
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX9716 toc19
OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX9716 toc20
OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE
VCC = 5V f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
MAX9716 toc21
1.8 1.5 OUTPUT POWER (W) 1.2 THD+N = 10% 0.9 0.6 THD+N = 1% 0.3 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 RL = 8 f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
3.0 2.5 OUTPUT POWER (W) 2.0 THD+N = 10% 1.5 1.0 THD+N = 1% 0.5 0 RL = 4 f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
2.5
2.0 OUTPUT POWER (mW)
1.5 THD+N = 10% 1.0 THD+N = 1% 0.5
0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1 10 LOAD RESISTANCE () 100 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
5.5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE
MAX9716 toc22
POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc23
POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER
VCC = 3V RL = 8 f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
MAX9716 toc24
700 600 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 500 400 THD+N = 10% 300 200 100 0 1 10 LOAD RESISTANCE () THD+N = 1% VCC = 3V f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
1.0 VCC = 5V RL = 8 f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
300 250 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 200 150 100 50 0
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0 100 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 OUTPUT POWER (W)
0
100
200
300
400
500
OUTPUT POWER (mW)
POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc25
POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER
MAX9716 toc26
OUTPUT-NOISE DENSITY vs. FREQUENCY
AV = 6dB
MAX9716 toc27
2.0 VCC = 5V RL = 4 f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
700 600 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 500 400 300 200 100 VCC = 3V RL = 4 f = 1kHz AV = 6dB
600 OUTPUT-NOISE DENSITY (nV/Hz) 500 400 300 200 100 0
POWER DISSIPATION (W)
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0 0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 OUTPUT POWER (W)
0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 OUTPUT POWER (mW)
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, BTL mode, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc28
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX9716 toc29
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VCC
5.5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5
MAX9716 toc30
120 AV = 60dB 90 GAIN AND PHASE (/dB) 60
0 -10 -20 -30 PSRR (dB) -40 -50 -60
6.0
30 0 -30 -60 -90 -120 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
-70 -80 -90 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k
VCC (V)
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX9716 toc31
COMING OUT OF SHUTDOWN
MAX9716 toc32
GOING INTO SHUTDOWN
MAX9716 toc33
6
RL = 8
SHDN 2V/div
RL = 8
5 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
VCC = 5V OUT+ 1V/div OUT1V/div SHDN 2V/div OUT+ 1V/div OUT1V/div OUT+ - OUT200mV/div 10s/div
4 VCC = 3V 3
2 OUT+ - OUT200mV/div 1 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 100ms/div TEMPERATURE (C)
SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. VCC
MAX9716 toc34
SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
35 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA) 30 25 20 VCC = 5V 15 10 VCC = 3V 5 0
MAX9716 toc35
20 18 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 VCC (V) 4.5 5.0
40
5.5
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (C)
8
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
Pin Description
PIN TDFN/MAX MAX9716 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -- EP MAX9717 1 2 -- 4 5 6 7 8 3 EP C3 C1 A3 A1 A2 B3 B1, B2 C2 -- -- BUMP UCSP MAX9716 MAX9717 C3 C1 -- A1 A2 B3 B1, B2 C2 A3 -- SHDN BIAS IN+ INOUT+ VCC GND OUTBTL/SE EP Active-Low Shutdown DC Bias Bypass Capacitor Connection. Bypass BIAS to ground with a 1F capacitor. Noninverting Input Inverting Input Bridge Amplifier Positive Output Power Supply. Bypass VCC with a 1F capacitor to ground. Ground Bridge Amplifier Negative Output. OUT- becomes high-impedance when BTL/SE is driven high. BTL/Single-Ended Mode Input. Logic low sets the device in BTL mode. Logic high sets the device in single-ended mode. Exposed Pad. Connect EP to GND. NAME FUNCTION
MAX9716/MAX9717
Detailed Description
The MAX9716/MAX9717 are 1.3W BTL speaker amplifiers. Both devices feature a low-power shutdown mode, and industry-leading click-and-pop suppression. The MAX9717 features a headphone sense input that disables the slave BTL amplifier to drive the headphone as a single-ended load. These devices consist of high output-current audio amps configured as BTL amplifiers (see Functional Diagrams). The closed-loop gain of the input op amp sets the single-ended gain of the device. Two external gain resistors set the gain of the MAX9716 and MAX9717A (see the Gain-Setting Resistor section). The MAX9717B/C/D feature internally set gains of 6dB, 9dB, and 12dB, respectively. The output of the first amplifier serves as the input of the second amplifier, which is configured as an inverting unity-gain follower. This results in two outputs, identical in amplitude, but 180 out-of-phase.
input. Always bypass BIAS to ground with a capacitor. Choose the value of the bypass capacitor as described in the BIAS Capacitor section. Do not connect external loads to BIAS. Any load lowers the BIAS voltage, affecting the overall performance of the device.
BTL/SE Control Input
The MAX9717 features a headphone sense input, BTL/SE, that enables headphone jack sensing to control the power amplifier output configuration. Driving BTL/SE low enables the slave amplifier (OUT-). Driving BTL/SE high disables the slave amplifier.
Shutdown Mode
The MAX9716/MAX9717 feature a low-power shutdown mode that reduces quiescent current consumption to 10nA. Entering shutdown disables the bias circuitry, forces the amplifier outputs to GND through an internal 20k resistor. Drive SHDN low to enter shutdown mode; drive SHDN high for normal operation.
BIAS
The MAX9716/MAX9717 operate from a single 2.7V to 5.5V supply and feature an internally generated, commonmode bias voltage of VCC/2 referenced to ground. BIAS provides both click-and-pop suppression and sets the DC bias level for the audio outputs. The MAX9716 can be configured as a single-ended or differential input. For single-ended input, connect the noninverting input IN+ to BIAS externally. The MAX9717 BIAS is internally connected to the amplifier noninverting input IN+. The MAX9717 can only be used with a single-ended
Click-and-Pop Suppression
The MAX9716/MAX9717 feature Maxim's industry-leading click-and-pop suppression circuitry. During startup, the amplifier common-mode bias voltage ramps to the DC bias. When entering shutdown, the amplifier outputs are pulled to GND through an internal 20k resistor. This scheme minimizes the energy present in the audio band.
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9
Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Power Dissipation and Heat Sinking
Under normal operating conditions, the MAX9716/ MAX9717 dissipate a significant amount of power. The maximum power dissipation for each package is given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section under Continuous Power Dissipation or can be calculated by the following equation: PDISSPKG(MAX) = TJ(MAX) - TA JA
+1
VOUT(P-P)
2 x VOUT(P-P)
-1
VOUT(P-P)
Figure 1. Bridge-Tied Load Configuration
Applications Information
BTL Amplifier
The MAX9716/MAX9717 are designed to drive a load differentially, a configuration referred to as bridge-tied load or BTL. The BTL configuration (Figure 1) offers advantages over the single-ended configuration, where one side of the load is connected to ground. Driving the load differentially doubles the output voltage compared to a single-ended amplifier under similar conditions. Thus, the differential gain of the device is twice the closed-loop gain of the input amplifier. The effective gain is given by: AV = 2 x RF RIN
where TJ(MAX) is +150C, TA is the ambient temperature, and JA is the reciprocal of the derating factor in C/W as specified in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section. For example, JA of the TDFN package is 41C/W. The increase in power delivered by the BTL configuration directly results in an increase in internal power dissipation over the single-ended configuration. The maximum power dissipation for a given VCC and load is given by the following equation: PDISS(MAX) = 2VCC2 2 RL
Substituting 2 x VOUT(P-P) for VOUT(P-P) into the following equations yields four times the output power due to doubling of the output voltage: VRMS = VOUT(P - P) 22
If the power dissipation for a given application exceeds the maximum allowed for a given package, reduce power dissipation by increasing the ground plane heatsinking capability and the size of the traces to the device (see the Layout and Grounding section). Other methods for reducing power dissipation are to reduce V CC , increase load impedance, decrease ambient temperature, reduce gain, or reduce input signal. Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipation in the MAX9716/MAX9717. Thermal protection circuitry disables the amplifier output stage when the junction temperature exceeds +160C. The amplifiers are enabled once the junction temperature cools by 15C. A pulsing output under continuous thermal-overload conditions results as the device heats and cools.
2 V POUT = RMS RL
Fixed Gain
The MAX9717B, MAX9717C, and MAX9717D feature internally fixed gains of 6dB, 9dB, and 12dB, respectively (see the Selector Guide). Fixed gain simplifies designs, reduces pin count, decreases required footprint size, and eliminates external gain-setting resistors. Resistors R IN and R F shown in the MAX9717B/C/D Typical Operating Circuit are used to achieve each fixed gain.
There is no net DC voltage across the load because the differential outputs are each biased at midsupply. This eliminates the need for DC-blocking capacitors required for single-ended amplifiers. These capacitors can be large and expensive, consume board space, and degrade low-frequency performance.
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
Output-Coupling Capacitor
BIAS OUTIN+ CIN RIN
MAX9716/MAX9717
MAX9716
OUT+
The MAX9717 require output-coupling capacitors to operate in single-ended (headphone) mode. The output-coupling capacitor blocks the DC component of the amplifier output, preventing DC current from flowing to the load. The output capacitor and the load impedance form a highpass filter with a -3dB point determined by: f-3dB = 1
AUDIO INPUT
IN-
RF
Figure 2. Setting the MAX9716/MAX9717A Gain
Adjustable Gain
Gain-Setting Resistors External feedback resistors set the gain of the MAX9716 and MAX9717A. Resistors RF and RIN (see Figure 2) set the gain of the amplifier as follows: R AV = 2 F RIN Where AV is the desired voltage gain. Hence, an RIN of 20k and an RF of 20k yields a gain of 2V/V, or 6dB. RF can be either fixed or variable, allowing the use of a digitally controlled potentiometer to alter the gain under software control. The gain of the MAX9717 in a single-ended output configuration is half the gain when configured as BTL output. Choose R F between 10k and 50k for the MAX9716 and MAX9717A. Gains for the MAX9717B/C/D are set internally. Input Filter CIN and RIN form a highpass filter that removes the DC bias from an incoming signal. The AC-coupling capacitor allows the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimal DC level. Assuming zero-source impedance, the -3dB point of the highpass filter is: f-3dB = 1
2RLCOUT As with the input capacitor, choose COUT such that f-3dB is well below the lowest frequency of interest. Setting f-3dB too high affects the amplifier's low-frequency response. Load impedance is a concern when choosing COUT. Load impedance can vary, changing the -3dB point of the output filter. A lower impedance increases the corner frequency, degrading low-frequency response. Select COUT such that the worstcase load/C OUT combination yields an adequate response. Select capacitors with low ESR to minimize resistive losses and optimize power transfer to the load.
Differential Input
The MAX9716 can be configured for a differential input. The advantage of differential inputs is that any common-mode noise is attenuated and not passed through the amplifier. This input improves noise rejection and provides common-mode rejection (Figure 3). External components should be closely matched for high CMRR. Figure 4 shows the MAX9716 configured for a differential input.
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
0 -10 -20 -30 CMRR (dB) -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 10 100 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10k 100k VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P RL = 8 CBIAS = 1F
2RINCIN Setting f -3dB too high affects the low-frequency response of the amplifier. Use capacitors with dielectrics that have low-voltage coefficients, such as tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. Capacitors with highvoltage coefficients, such as ceramics, can increase distortion at low frequencies.
Figure 3. CMRR with Differential Input
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
RF 20k VCC
220pF
VCC CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF
ON
BIAS CBIAS OUT-
20k CIN 0.33F AUDIO INPUT CIN 0.33F AUDIO INPUT RIN 20k
IN+
20k OUT+
RIN 20k
INGND
MAX9716
RF 20k
220pF VALUES SHOWN FOR 0dB GAIN.
Figure 4. MAX9716 Differential Input
BIAS Capacitor
BIAS is the output of the internally-generated VCC/2 bias voltage. The BIAS bypass capacitor, CBIAS, improves the power-supply rejection ratio by reducing power supply and other noise sources at the common-mode bias node. CBIAS also generates the clickless/popless startup DC bias waveform for the speaker amplifiers. Bypass BIAS with a 1F capacitor to GND. Larger C BIAS values improve PSRR but slow down tON time. Do not connect external loads to BIAS.
Layout and Grounding
Proper PC board layout and grounding is essential for optimizing performance. Use large traces for the power-supply inputs and amplifier outputs to minimize losses due to parasitic trace resistance. Large traces also aid in moving heat away from the package. Proper grounding improves audio performance and prevents digital switching noise from coupling into the audio signal. The MAX9716/MAX9717 TDFN and MAX packages feature exposed thermal pads on their undersides. This pad lowers the thermal resistance of the package by providing a direct-heat conduction path from the die to the printed circuit board. Connect the exposed pad to the ground plane using multiple vias, if required.
Supply Bypassing
Proper power-supply bypassing ensures low-noise, low-distortion performance. Connect a 1F ceramic capacitor from V CC to GND. Add additional bulk capacitance as required by the application. Connect the bypass capacitor as close to the device as possible.
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
UCSP Applications Information
For the latest application details on UCSP construction, dimensions, tape carrier information, printed circuit board techniques, bump-pad layout, and recommended reflow temperature profile, as well as the latest information on reliability testing results, refer to the application note, "UCSP--A Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package" available on Maxim's web site at http://www.maxim-ic.com/ucsp.
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX9717AEBL-T* MAX9717AETA MAX9717AEUA MAX9717BEBL-T* MAX9717BETA MAX9717BEUA MAX9717CEBL-T* MAX9717CETA MAX9717CEUA MAX9717DEBL-T* MAX9717DETA MAX9717DEUA TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PINPACKAGE 3 x 3 UCSP 8 TDFN-EP** 8 MAX-EP** 3 x 3 UCSP 8 TDFN-EP** 8 MAX-EP** 3 x 3 UCSP 8 TDFN-EP** 8 MAX-EP** 3 x 3 UCSP 8 TDFN-EP** 8 MAX-EP** GAIN (dB) Adj. Adj. Adj. 6 6 6 9 9 9 12 12 12
MAX9716/MAX9717
UCSP Marking Information
Pin A1 Bump Indicator AAA: Product ID code XXX: Lot Code
AAA XXX
*Future product--contact factory for availability. **EP = Exposed paddle.
Selector Guide
PART MAX9716 MAX9717A MAX9717B MAX9717C MAX9717D BTL/SE INPUT -- GAIN (dB) Adjustable Adjustable 6 9 12
Chip Information
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 4877 PROCESS: BiCMOS
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
SHDN BIAS IN+
1 2
8 7
OUTGND VCC OUT+
SHDN
1
8 7
OUTGND VCC OUT+
BIAS 2
MAX9716
3 6 5 BTL/SE 3 IN- 4 IN- 4
MAX9717
6 5
MAX
MAX
MAX9716 TOP VIEW (BUMPS ON BOTTOM)
A 1 IN2 OUT+ 3 IN+ A 1 IN-
MAX9717
2 OUT+ 3 BTL/SE
B
GND
GND
VCC
B
GND
GND
VCC
C
BIAS
OUT-
SHDN
C
BIAS
OUT-
SHDN
UCSP (1.5mm x 1.5mm)
UCSP (1.5mm x 1.5mm)
SHDN BIAS IN+ IN-
1 2 3 4
8 7
OUTGND VCC OUT+
SHDN BIAS BTL/SE IN-
1 2 3 4
8 7
OUTGND VCC OUT+
MAX9716
6 5
MAX9717
6 5
TDFN (3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm)
TDFN (3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm)
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
Functional Diagrams/Typical Operating Circuits
VCC
MAX9716/MAX9717
1F
VCC CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF
ON
BIAS CBIAS 1F OUT-
20k
IN+ CIN 0.33F AUDIO INPUT RIN 20k
20k OUT+
INGND
MAX9716
RF 40k VALUES SHOWN FOR 12dB GAIN.
VCC
1F
VCC CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF
ON
BIAS CBIAS 1F OUT-
20k COUT 100F OUT+ INBTL/SE 100k
1k
20k CIN 0.33F AUDIO INPUT RIN 20k
MAX9717A
GND
100k VCC
VALUES SHOWN FOR BTL 12dB GAIN, HEADPHONE 6dB GAIN.
RF 40k
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Functional Diagrams/Typical Operating Circuits (continued)
VCC
1F
VCC CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN OFF
ON
BIAS CBIAS 1F OUT-
20k COUT 100F OUT+ BTL/SE RF 100k GND 100k VCC
1k
IN+ CIN 0.33F AUDIO INPUT INRIN 20k
20k
MAX9717B MAX9717C MAX9717D
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
Package Information
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
8L, MAX, EXP PAD.EPS
MAX9716/MAX9717
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Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers MAX9716/MAX9717
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
L D A A2
PIN 1 ID
D2
1
N
1
b
PIN 1 INDEX AREA
C0.35 [(N/2)-1] x e REF. e
E
DETAIL A
E2
A1
k
C L
C L
L e A e
L
SEMICONDUCTOR
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
DALLAS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6, 8 & 10L, TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm
NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV.
1 2
21-0137
D
COMMON DIMENSIONS SYMBOL A D E A1 L k A2 MIN. 0.70 2.90 2.90 0.00 0.20 MAX. 0.80 3.10 3.10 0.05 0.40
0.25 MIN. 0.20 REF.
PACKAGE VARIATIONS PKG. CODE T633-1 T833-1 T1033-1 N 6 8 10 D2 1.500.10 1.500.10 1.500.10 E2 2.300.10 2.300.10 2.300.10 e 0.95 BSC 0.65 BSC 0.50 BSC JEDEC SPEC MO229 / WEEA MO229 / WEEC MO229 / WEED-3 b 0.400.05 0.300.05 0.250.05 [(N/2)-1] x e 1.90 REF 1.95 REF 2.00 REF
SEMICONDUCTOR
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION TITLE:
DALLAS
PACKAGE OUTLINE, 6, 8 & 10L, TDFN, EXPOSED PAD, 3x3x0.80 mm
APPROVAL DOCUMENT CONTROL NO. REV.
2 2
21-0137
D
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6, 8, &10L, DFN THIN.EPS
Low-Cost, Mono, 1.4W BTL Audio Power Amplifiers
Package Information (continued)
(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
MAX9716/MAX9717
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ___________________ 19 (c) 2004 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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