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| L9407F CAR ALTERNATOR VOLTAGE REGULATOR PRODUCT PREVIEW s s s s s s s s s FULLY MONOLITHIC DESIGN LOW SIDE FIELD DRIVER THERMAL PROTECTION FIELD SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION PROTECTED DIAGNOSTIC LAMP DRIVER PROTECTED HIGH SIDE RELAY DRIVER COMPLEX DIAGNOSTICS LOAD RESPONSE CONTROL DFM OUTPUT (FIELD MONITOR) Multiwatt 8 ORDERING NUMBER: L9407F DESCRIPTION The L9407F is a monolithic multifunction alternator voltage regulator intended for use in automotive application. It includes the control section, the field power stage, fault diagnostic circuit which drives a warning lamp, and the protection against short circuits. CIRCUIT OPERATION The alternator's voltage regulator performs the following main functions: - 1) voltage regulation - 2) protection - 3) control fault diagnosis - 4) load response control VOLTAGE REGULATION The alternator voltage is compared with a reference voltage in an amplifier, whose output determines the switching frequency of output power MOS whose current excites the coil of the alternator; as the regulators are a self-oscillating type this frequency depends on the whole system parameter set including the alternator characteristics. The regulators have an integrated filter in the voltage sensing path guaranteeing the correct behaviour of the devices also when the rectifier diodes feature very high switching spikes. The internal filtering allows the usage of the device also with very long cables connecting the alternator to the battery with an impedance so high to cause a superimposed ripple on the alternator voltage higher than 5-6V. Consequently it doesn't need, in the standard application, any external component. Anyway an external application (2.2uF or 2.7uF) must be inserted between A+ and ground when using the device with very long cables. PROTECTION It is present a protection against short circuits of the lamp and the relay power drivers (D+) and of the field power driver (DF), a thermal drivers shutdown protection and an overvoltage protection of D+ power drivers. DIAGNOSIS The circuit detects fault conditions related to the phase and DF status and receives informations from one of the three alternator phases. In order to prevent spurious indications, fault warnings are not displayed immediately but are dalayed by a fixed time. LOAD RESPONSE CONTROL The internal circuit regulates the soft start characteristics (activated always at engine start) and the soft attack characteristics. February 2003 This is preliminary information on a new product now in development. Details are subject to change without notice. 1/11 L9407F PIN CONNECTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GND D+ DFM A+ NC DF PIN DESCRIPTION N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pin D+ A+ NC DF GND DFM NC PH Alternator output voltage supply Not connected Field low side driver output Ground Field monitor output Not connected Phase sense input Function Lamp terminal low side driver; relay terminal high side driver ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Symbol VS Parameter DC Supply Voltage (2 min. @ 25C) [all pins vs. GND] Transient Supply Voltage (load dump) [see application circuit] t<500ms Transient Supply Voltage (low energy spikes) [see application circuit] ISO7637-1 pulse 1,2,3 /ISO7637-3 Tj Tstg, Tcase Ptot Junction temperature range Storage and case temperature range Total power Dissipation (@ Tcase = 150C, Ifield = 5A) Reverse Voltage (see application diagram) @ 25C, T = 15 sec all pins, except for PH (normal working condition) DC Pin Current on DF, A+, GND (bonding limitation) ESD Voltage MILSTD883C (All pins vs.GND) Value 24 40 100 (clamped at 60 by application) -40 to 170 -40 to 150 8 -2.5 15 4 Unit V V V C C W V A KV 2/11 NC PH L9407F THERMAL DATA Symbol Rth j-case Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction to Case Value 0.6 Unit C/W ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS (Tcase = -40C / 150C; unless otherwise specified) Symbol Vbat Ib-sinked Ib-stby Vreg Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Supply Battery Current Stand-by Current Regulated Volt. & Therm. Drift Vbat = A+, DF = 12.5V Ialt=1A-0.9*Inom; Tcase=20C; 1200 Switching Frequency Delta Vrpm Delta Vload Vreg Vov Tj-sd Tj-sd-hys Vuv Vuv-hys Ron LSD Ron LSD Vf If_SCTH Reg. Voltage without Battery D+ Drivers Disable Threshold Thermal Shut-down Thermal Shut-down hysteresis Low voltage detection threshold Low voltage detection threshold hysteresis Low Side Driver Rdson Low Side Driver Rdson Freewheeling diode DF Short Circuit Threshold DF D+/DF from OFF STATE (due to Tj-sd-2 thermal shutdown) to ON STATE D+ low side driver ON after diagnosis delay time D+ low side driver OFF without delay T = 150C; I = 4.5A T = 25C; I = 7A I=5A DF = 12V; Tcase = -40C DF = 12V; Tcase = -25C DF = 12V; Tcase = -150C 7.7 Vuv + 0.40 Vs1 FS_duty Output Short to GROUND DF Threshold Pre-excitation F.S.D.F. 3/11 L9407F ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS (continued) (Tcase = -40C / 150C; unless otherwise specified) Symbol t_ST t_SL Bl Parameter Soft Start Delay Time (see fig. 5) Soft Attack Time / Soft Start Time (see fig. 5) Soft Attack Blind Zone Test Condition activated always at engine start from 0 to 100% field duty cycle percentage of maximum duty cycle immediate variation at soft attack Ifield = 3A resistive (Fig. 6) Ifield = 3A resistive (Fig. 6) DF = 24V I source = 1A I sink = 0.5A I sink = 0.3A 2.45 0 Min. Typ. 0 3 3.45 10 Max Unit s s % t-rise t_fall If_leak VH_SAT VL_SAT1 VL_SAT2 VLSB IHSC ILSC VthD+ IthD+ L-t-D Vcan VPHL1 t_PH VPHH1 VPHH2 tPHd I_Th-PH Output Voltage Rise Time Output Voltage Fall Time Output Field Driver Leakage Current High Side Driver Saturation Voltage (Fig. 9) Low Side Driver Saturation Voltage Low Side Driver Saturation Voltage Selfbias without supply Lamp driver Voltage High Side Driver short circuit current (Fig. 9) Low Side Driver short circuit current Enable Regulator Voltage D+ Enable Regulator pull-down Current D+ Lamp on delay at Ign. switch turn on Test mode to cancel soft start/ attack (voltage) Enable control voltage input high threshold PH Filtering Time Diagnosis phase loss input high threshold Diagnosis phase loss input low threshold Diagnostic PH Filtering Time Phase Pull-down Current 4 5 50 50 1 1.2 2 1.5 4 s s mA V V V V A A V mA ms V V s V V s mA A+ = 17.5V; D+ = GND A+ = D+ = 17.5V 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.7 3 2.5 0.9 3.5 2 (Fig. 7) (Fig. 8) square wave f = 1KHz 36 0.67 50 9 guaranteed by design guaranteed by design 4 50 1 10.25 5 0.795 44 0.92 200 11.5 6 200 8 4/11 L9407F ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTCS (continued) (Tcase = -40C / 150C; unless otherwise specified) Symbol EN Parameter Soft start enable frequency range Test Condition Tcase = 25C Tcase = -40 to150C Min. 144 136 40 Tcase = 25C Tcase = -40 to150C preexc. mode; Isink=14mA I-sink=14mA V-DF-MON=24V field fully on V-DF-MON=24V field off R=2.7K Ohm; C=1nF; Valim=13.5V (Fig. 6) R=2.7K Ohm; C=1nF; Valim=13.5V (Fig. 6) 0.05 0.05 0.15 15 367 347 30 Typ. 160 160 50 408 408 Max 176 184 60 449 469 400 1.5 120 0.1 50 50 0.5 Unit Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz Hz V mA mA us us s f_RESS_SS Reset frequency range to enable soft start DISAB f-dfm VL-DFMON I-DF-MON Ilk-DFMON t-TM t-TD t-D Soft start enable frequency range Output open drain switching freq. Output low voltage saturation Short circuit current protection Output leakage current Output voltage rise time Output voltage fall time Diagnostic Alarm Delay Time Figure 1. DF Monitor Electrical configuration L9407F Regulator assy Valim Alternator Field A+ Control Circuit DF R DF_MON to the ECU Field driver DFMon driver C Test circuit 5/11 L9407F Figure 2. Application Diagram ignition switch warning lamp _ A+ D+ + Field C DF Stator PH GND DFM to E.C.U. L9407F +Vb / Vcc Figure 3. L9407F THERMAL COMPENSATION (Vreg. ) 15 14.5 14 13.5 14.8 14.8 14.35 14.35 14.55 13.90 14.00 13.90 13.45 13 -40 25 125 6/11 L9407F Figure 4. Characteristics (Active always at engine start) Ign. sw on off 0.5s min Engine speed (rpm) (soft attack inhibition Alt. speed) 0.5s min Time (sec) (soft start enable Alt. speed) Time (sec) Soft start timing Soft start timing Soft start timing Field current (A) Soft start delay time Soft start delay time Soft start delay time 0.15s~0.5s Time (sec) W/Lamp 0.15s~0.5s on off Starter on Ign. sw on E/G stop and Ign. sw off E/G stop Starter on Ign. sw on Starter on Time (sec) Engine start Soft attack inhibition Alt. speed > E/G speed Engine start Engine restart Soft attack inhibition Alt. speed < E/G speed Figure 5. Soft Start/attack Characteristics on Engine off on Ign. Key off Load ON on W/Lamp off t_ST t_SL Bl Ifield DF - DFM Bl Field Pre-excitation Field Regulation 7/11 L9407F Table 1. FAULT DETECTION TABLE Root Cause Alternator belt breaking Brushes open Driver Open Field interruption Field short circuit to the battery Field short circuit to the ground Battery discharge (Field Driver open) No fully excited Battery discharge Signal PH PH PH PH PH DF A+ A+ A+ Effect Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Alternator disexcitation Overvoltage Undervoltage Undervoltage Undervoltage Test detect VPH Figure 6. Output Voltage rise/fall time (DF, DF_MON) 90% DF DF_MON Voltage 10% t-RISE t-TM t-FALL t-TD Figure 7. Lamp on delay at Ign. switch turn on On Ign. sw Off On W/Lamp Off L-t-D 8/11 L9407F Figure 8. Test mode to cancel soft start/attack Comparator DF_MON Vcan DF_MON Driver FILTER (Delay circuit) 1~5ms "Cancel" signal DF_MON Driver Control Circuit In case of L9407F, DF_MON Voltage >= Vcan DF_MON Driver OFF Figure 9. High Side driver saturation voltage A+ Regulator Assy L9407F Control Circuit D+ 9/11 L9407F mm TYP. inch TYP. DIM. A B C E F F1 G G1 H1 H2 L L2 L3 L4 L5 L5* L7 S S1 U Z Dia1 MIN. 0.49 0.78 0.68 2.40 17.64 19.6 20.35 17.05 17.25 10.3 15.45 15.05 2.65 1.9 1.9 0.40 0.70 3.65 2.54 17.78 MAX. 5 2.65 1.6 0.55 0.85 0.75 2.68 17.92 20.2 20.65 17.35 17.75 10.9 15.75 15.35 2.9 2.6 2.6 0.55 0.85 3.85 MIN. 0.019 0.030 0.027 0.094 0.69 0.772 0.80 0.67 0.679 0.406 0.61 0.59 0.104 0.075 0.075 0.015 0.028 0.144 0.10 0.70 MAX. 0.197 0.104 0.063 0.022 0.033 0.029 0.105 0.71 0.795 0.81 0.68 0.699 0.429 0.62 0.60 0.114 0.102 0.102 0.022 0.034 0.152 OUTLINE AND MECHANICAL DATA 17.20 17.5 10.7 0.68 0.689 0.421 Multiwatt8 (Floating) L5 = with wedged frame std. L5* = with wedged frame anchor holes. 10/11 * L9407F Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. STMicroelectronics acknowledges the trademarks of all companies referred to in this document. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2003 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan -Malaysia - Malta - Morocco Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - United States. http://www.st.com 11/11 |
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