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HT48CA6
8-Bit Remote Type Low Voltage Mask MCU
Features
* Operating voltage: 1.8V~3.6V * Ten bidirectional I/O lines * Six Schmitt trigger input lines * One carrier output, 1/2 or 1/3 duty with high sink cur* HALT function and wake-up feature reduce power
consumption
* 62 powerful instructions * Up to 1ms instruction cycle with 4MHz system clock * All instructions in 1 or 2 machine cycles * 14-bit table read instructions * One-level subroutine nesting * Bit manipulation instructions * 20/24-pin SOP package
rent capability
* On-chip crystal and RC oscillator * Watchdog Timer * 1K14 program ROM * 328 data RAM
General Description
The HT48CA6 is an 8-bit high performance RISC-like microcontroller specifically designed for multiple I/O product applications. The device is particularly suitable for use in products such as remote controllers, toys and various subsystem controllers. A HALT feature is included to reduce power consumption.
Block Diagram
STACK
P ro g ra m ROM
P ro g ra m C o u n te r
S Y S C L K /4 In s tr u c tio n R e g is te r MP M U X DATA M e m o ry . r e q u e n c y D iv id e r W DT
L e v e l o r C a r r ie r C a r r ie r C o n tr o l P C 0 C o n tro l P C 0 /R E M
In s tr u c tio n D ecoder ALU T im in g G e n e ra to r
MUX PORT B PB
STATUS
PB0~PB1 PB2~PB7
S h ifte r
PA OSC2 OS RE VD VS S S D C1 ACC
PORT A
PA0~PA7
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HT48CA6
Pin Assignment
PA1 PA0 PA1 PA0 PB1 PB0 VDD OSC1 OSC2 P C 0 /R E M VSS RES 9 10 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB1 PB0 VDD OSC1 OSC2 P C 0 /R E M VSS RES NC NC 9 10 11 12 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6 PB7
H T48C A 6 2 0 S O P -A
H T48C A 6 2 4 S O P -A
Pad Assignment
PB1 1 PB0 2 3 4 15 (0 , 0 ) 14 PB3 PB2 VDD OSC1 PA0 23 PA1 22 PA2 21 PA3 20 PA4 19 PA5 18 17 PA6 16 PA7
OSC2 5
PC0
6 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
* The IC substrate should be connected to VSS in the PCB layout artwork.
VSS
VSS
PB7
PB6
PB5
PB4
RES
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HT48CA6
Pad Description
Pad No. Pad Name I/O Mask Option Wake-up or None 3/4 Description 2-bit bidirectional input/output lines with pull-high resistors. Each bit can be determined as NMOS output or Schmitt trigger input by software instructions. Each bit can also be configured as wake-up input by mask option. Positive power supply
2, 1
PB0, PB1
I/O 3/4 I O
3 4 5
VDD OSC1 OSC2
OSC1, OSC2 are connected to an RC network or a crystal (determined by mask option) for the internal system clock. In the case of RC Crystal or RC operation, OSC2 is the output terminal for 1/4 system clock (NMOS open drain output). Level or Carrier 3/4 3/4 Wake-up or None 3/4 Level or carrier output pin PC0 can be set as CMOS level output pin or carrier output pin by mask option. Negative power supply, ground Schmitt trigger reset input. Active low. 6-bit Schmitt trigger input lines with pull-high resistors. Each bit can be configured as a wake-up input by mask option. Bidirectional 8-bit input/output port with pull-high resistors. Each bit can be determined as NMOS output or Schmitt trigger input by software instructions.
6 7, 8 9 15~10
PC0/REM VSS RES PB2~PB7
O 3/4 I I
23~16
PA0~PA7
I/O
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply Voltage ............................................-0.3V to 4V Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V Storage Temperature ............................-50C to 125C Operating Temperature...........................-25C to 70C
Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.
D.C. Characteristics
Symbol VDD IDD ISTB VIL1 VIH1 VIL2 VIH2 IOL1 IOL2 IOH1 IOL3 RPH Parameter Operating Voltage Operating Current Standby Current Input Low Voltage for I/O Ports Input High Voltage for I/O Ports Input Low Voltage (RES) Input High Voltage (RES) PC0/REM Sink Current PC0/REM Sink Current PC0/REM Source Current Sink Current of I/O Line Pull-high Resistance of PA Port, PB0~PB7 and RES Test Conditions VDD 3/4 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V 3V VOL=0.3V VOL=0.6V VOH=2.7V VOL=0.3V 3/4 Conditions fSYS=4MHz No load, fSYS=4MHz No load, system HALT 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 Min. 1.8 3/4 3/4 0 1.95 3/4 3/4 100 200 -1 1.5 20 Typ. 3/4 0.7 3/4 3/4 3/4 1.5 2.4 150 300 -2 2.5 40 Max. 3.6 1.5 1 1.05 3 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4
Ta=25C Unit V mA mA V V V V mA mA mA mA kW
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HT48CA6
A.C. Characteristics
Symbol fSYS tRES tSST Parameter System Clock External Reset Low Pulse Width System Start-up timer Period Test Conditions VDD 3V 3/4 3/4 Conditions 3/4 3/4 Power-up or wake-up from HALT Min. 400 1 3/4 Typ. 3/4 3/4 1024 Max. 4000 3/4 3/4 Ta=25C Unit kHz ms tSYS
Note: tSYS=1/fSYS
Functional Description
Execution flow The HT48CA6 system clock can be derived from a crystal/ceramic resonator oscillator. It is internally divided into four non-overlapping clocks. One instruction cycle consists of four system clock cycles. Instruction fetching and execution are pipelined in such a way that a fetch takes one instruction cycle while decoding and execution takes the next instruction cycle. However, the pipelining scheme causes each instruction to effectively execute within 1 cycle. If an instruction changes the program counter, two cycles are required to complete the instruction. Program counter - PC The 10-bit program counter (PC) controls the sequence in which the instructions stored in program ROM are exT1 S y s te m C lo c k T2 T3 T4 T1
ecuted and its contents specify a maximum of 1024 addresses. After accessing a program memory word to fetch an instruction code, the contents of the program counter are incremented by 1. The program counter then points to the memory word containing the next instruction code. When executing a jump instruction, conditional skip execution, loading PCL register, subroutine call, initial reset or return from subroutine, the PC manipulates the program transfer by loading the address corresponding to each instruction. The conditional skip is activated by instruction. Once the condition is met, the next instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle replaces it to get the proper instruction. Otherwise proceed with the next instruction.
T2 T3 T4 T1 T2 T3 T4
In s tr u c tio n C y c le PC PC PC+1 PC+2
. e tc h IN S T (P C ) E x e c u te IN S T (P C -1 )
. e tc h IN S T (P C + 1 ) E x e c u te IN S T (P C )
. e tc h IN S T (P C + 2 ) E x e c u te IN S T (P C + 1 )
Execution flow Mode Initial reset Skip Loading PCL Jump, call branch Return from subroutine *9 #9 S9 *8 #8 S8 @7 #7 S7 @6 #6 S6 Program Counter *9 0 *8 0 *7 0 *6 0 *5 0 @5 #5 S5 *4 0 PC+2 @4 #4 S4 @3 #3 S3 @2 #2 S2 @1 #1 S1 @0 #0 S0 *3 0 *2 0 *1 0 *0 0
Program counter Note: *9~*0: Program counter bits #9~#0: Instruction code bits Rev. 1.10 4 S9~S0: Stack register bits @7~@0: PCL bits July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
The lower byte of the program counter (PCL) is a readable and writeable register (06H). Moving data into the PCL performs a short jump. The destination will be within 256 locations. When a control transfer takes place, an additional dummy cycle is required. Program memory - ROM The program memory is used to store the program instructions which are to be executed. It also contains data and table and is organized into 102414 bits, addressed by the program counter and table pointer. Certain locations in the program memory are reserved for special usage:
* Location 000H
bits of the table word are transferred to the lower portion of TBLH, the remaining 2 bits are read as 0. The Table Higher-order byte register (TBLH) is read only. The table pointer (TBLP) is a read/write register (07H), where P indicates the table location. Before accessing the table, the location must be placed in TBLP. The TBLH is read only and cannot be restored. All table related instructions need 2 cycles to complete the operation. These areas may function as normal program memory depending upon the requirements. Stack register - STACK This is a special part of the memory used to save the contents of the program counter (PC) only. The stack is organized into one level and is neither part of the data nor part of the program space, and is neither readable nor writeable. The activated level is indexed by the stack pointer (SP) and is neither readable nor writeable. At a subroutine call the contents of the program counter are pushed onto the stack. At the end of a subroutine signaled by a return instruction (RET), the program counter is restored to its previous value from the stack. After a chip reset, the SP will point to the top of the stack. If the stack is full and a CALL is subsequently executed, stack overflow occurs and the first entry will be lost (only the most recent return address is stored). Data memory - RAM
This area is reserved for the initialization program. After chip reset, the program always begins execution at location 000H.
* Table location
Any location in the ROM space can be used as look-up tables. The instructions TABRDC [m] (the current page, 1 page=256 words) and TABRDL [m] (the last page) transfer the contents of the lower-order byte to the specified data memory, and the higher-order byte to TBLH (08H). Only the destination of the lower-order byte in the table is well-defined, the other
000H D e v ic e in itia liz a tio n p r o g r a m
The data memory is designed with 428 bits. The data memory is divided into two functional groups: special function registers and general purpose data memory (328). Most of them are read/write, but some are read only.
P ro g ra m ROM
n00H L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s ) n..H
3..H
L o o k - u p ta b le ( 2 5 6 w o r d s ) 1 4 b its N o te : n ra n g e s fro m 0 to 3
Program memory
The special function registers include the indirect addressing register (00H), the memory pointer register (MP;01H), the accumulator (ACC;05H) the program counter lower-order byte register (PCL;06H), the table pointer (TBLP;07H), the table higher-order byte register (TBLH;08H), the status register (STATUS;0AH) and the I/O registers (PA;12H, PB;14H, PC;16H). The remaining space before the 20H is reserved for future expanded usage and reading these locations will return the result 00H. The general purpose data memory, addressed from 20H to 3FH, is used for data and control information under instruction command. Table Location
Instruction(s) TABRDC [m] TABRDL [m]
*9 P9 1
*8 P8 1
*7 @7 @7
*6 @6 @6
*5 @5 @5
*4 @4 @4
*3 @3 @3
*2 @2 @2
*1 @1 @1
*0 @0 @0
Table location Note: *9~*0: Table location bits @7~@0: Table pointer bits P9~P8: Current program counter bits
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HT48CA6
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1. 20 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H G e n e ra l P u rp o s e DATA M EM ORY (3 2 B y te s ) 3.H :U nused R e a d a s "0 0 " PC PB PA H H H H H H H H H H AC PC TB TB C L LP LH In d ir e c t A d d r e s s in g R e g is te r MP
accessible through memory pointer register (MP;01H). Indirect addressing register Location 00H is an indirect addressing register that is not physically implemented. Any read/write operation of [00H] accesses data memory pointed to by MP (01H). Reading location 00H itself indirectly will return the result 00H. Writing indirectly results in no operation.
S p e c ia l P u r p o s e DATA M EM ORY
STATUS
The memory pointer register MP (01H) is a 6-bit register. The bit 7~6 of MP is undefined and reading will return the result 1. Any writing operation to MP will only transfer the lower 6-bit data to MP. Accumulator The accumulator closely relates to ALU operations. It is also mapped to location 05H of the data memory and is capable of carrying out immediate data operations. Data movement between two data memory locations has to pass through the accumulator. Arithmetic and logic unit - ALU This circuit performs 8-bit arithmetic and logic operation. The ALU provides the following functions.
* Arithmetic operations (ADD, ADC, SUB,
SBC, DAA)
* Logic operations (AND, OR, XOR, CPL) * Rotation (RL, RR, RLC, RRC) * Increment and Decrement (INC, DEC) * Branch decision (SZ, SNZ, SIZ, SDZ ....)
RAM mapping All data memory areas can handle arithmetic, logic, increment, decrement and rotate operations directly. Except for some dedicated bits, each bit in the data memory can be set and reset by the SET [m].i and CLR [m].i instructions, respectively. They are also indirectly Labels C Bits 0
The ALU not only saves the results of a data operation but also changes the contents of the status register. Status register - STATUS This 8-bit status register (0AH) contains the 0 flag (Z), carry flag (C), auxiliary carry flag (AC), overflow flag (OV), power down flag (PD) and watchdog time-out flag (TO). It Function
C is set if the operation results in a carry during an addition operation or if a borrow does not take place during a subtraction operation; otherwise C is cleared. C is also affected by a rotate through carry instruction. AC is set if the operation results in a carry out of the low nibbles in addition or no borrow from the high nibble into the low nibble in subtraction; otherwise AC is cleared. Z is set if the result of an arithmetic or logic operation is 0; otherwise Z is cleared. OV is set if the operation results in a carry into the highest-order bit but not a carry out of the highest-order bit, or vice versa; otherwise OV is cleared. PD is cleared when either a system power-up or executing the CLR WDT instruction. PD is set by executing the HALT instruction. TO is cleared by a system power-up or executing the CLR WDT or HALT instruction. TO is set by a WDT time-out. Unused bit, read as 0 Unused bit, read as 0 Status register
AC Z OV PD TO 3/4 3/4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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HT48CA6
also records the status information and controls the operation sequence. With the exception of the TO and PD flags, bits in the status register can be altered by instructions like most other register. Any data written into the status register will not change the TO or PD flags. In addition it should be noted that operations related to the status register may give different results from those intended. The TO and PD flags can only be changed by the Watchdog Timer overflow, chip power-up, clearing the Watchdog Timer and executing the HALT instruction. The Z, OV, AC and C flags generally reflect the status of the latest operations. In addition, on executing the subroutine call, the status register will not be automatically pushed onto the stack. If the contents of the status are important and if the subroutine can corrupt the status register, precautions must be taken to save it properly. Oscillator configuration There are two oscillator circuits in the HT48CA6.
OSC1 OSC1
cost effective solution. However, the frequency of the oscillation may vary with VDD, temperature and the chip itself due to process variations. It is, therefore, not suitable for timing sensitive operations where accurate oscillator frequency is desired. If the Crystal oscillator is used, a crystal across OSC1 and OSC2 is needed to provide the feedback and phase shift for the oscillator. No other external components are needed. Instead of a crystal, the resonator can also be connected between OSC1 and OSC2 to get a frequency reference, but two external capacitors in OSC1 and OSC2 are required. Watchdog Timer - WDT The clock source of the WDT is implemented by instruction clock (system clock divided by 4). The clock source is processed by a frequency divider and a prescaller to yield various time out periods. WDT time out period = Clock Source 2n
Where n= 8~11 selected by mask option. This timer is designed to prevent a software malfunction or sequence jumping to an unknown location with unpredictable results. The Watchdog Timer can be disabled by mask option. If the Watchdog Timer is disabled, all the executions related to the WDT result in no operation and the WDT will lose its protection purpose. In this situation the logic can only be restarted by an external logic. A WDT overflow under normal operation will initialize chip reset and set the status bit TO. To clear the contents of the WDT prescaler, three methods are adopted; external reset (a low level to RES), software instructions, or a HALT instruction. There are two types of software instructions. One type is the single instruction CLR WDT, the other type comprises two instructions, CLR WDT1 and CLR WDT2. Of these two types of instructions, only one can be active depending on the mask option 3/4 CLR WDT times selection option. If the CLR WDT is selected (i.e.. CLRWDT times equal one), any execution of the CLR WDT instruction will clear the WDT. In case CLR WDT1
OSC2
C r y s ta l O s c illa to r
fS Y S /4 (N M O S o p e n d r a in o u tp u t)
OSC2
RC
O s c illa to r
System oscillator Both are designed for system clocks; the RC oscillator and the Crystal oscillator, which are determined by mask options. No matter what oscillator type is selected, the signal provides the system clock. The HALT mode stops the system oscillator and ignores the external signal to conserve power. If an RC oscillator is used, an external resistor between OSC1 and VSS in needed and the resistance must range from 51kW to 1MW. The system clock, divided by 4, is available on OSC2, which can be used to synchronize external logic. The RC oscillator provides the most
C le a r W D T . r e q u e n c y D iv id e r C lo c k S o u r c e ( S y s te m C lo c k /4 ) 3 - b it C o u n te r P r e s c a lle r ( 8 - b it)
M a s k O p tio n S e le c t
M ask O p tio n
W DT T im e - o u t
C lo c k S o u r c e 2n
(n = 8 ~ 1 1 )
Watchdog Timer Rev. 1.10 7 July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
and CLR WDT2 are chosen (i.e.. CLRWDT times equal two), these two instructions must be executed to clear the WDT; otherwise, the WDT may reset the chip due to a time-out. Power down operation - HALT The HALT mode is initialized by the HALT instruction and results in the following...
* The system oscillator turns off and the WDT stops. * The contents of the on-chip RAM and registers remain
To guarantee that the system oscillator has started and stabilized, the SST (System Start-up Timer) provides an extra-delay of 1024 system clock pulses when the system powers up or when the system awakes from a HALT state. When a system power up occurs, an SST delay is added during the reset period. But when the reset comes from the RES pin, the SST delay is disabled. Any wake-up from HALT will enable the SST delay. The functional unit chip reset status is shown below. PC WDT Prescaler Input/output Ports SP Carrier Output 000H Clear Input mode Points to the top of the stack High level
unchanged.
* WDT prescaler are cleared. * All I/O ports maintain their original status. * The PD flag is set and the TO flag is cleared.
The system can quit the HALT mode by means of an external reset or an external falling edge signal on port B. An external reset causes a device initialization. Examining the TO and PD flags, the reason for chip reset can be determined. The PD flag is cleared when the system powers up or execute the CLR WDT instruction and is set when the HALT instruction is executed. The TO flag is set if the WDT time-out occurs, and causes a wake-up that only resets the PC (Program Counter) and SP, the others keep their original status. The port B wake-up can be considered as a continuation of normal execution. Each bit in port B can be independently selected to wake up the device by the mask option. Awakening from an I/O port stimulus, the program will resume execution of the next instruction. Once a wake-up event(s) occurs, it takes 1024 tSYS (system clock period) to resume normal operation. In other words, a dummy cycle period will be inserted after the wake-up. To minimize power consumption, all I/O pins should be carefully managed before entering the HALT status. Reset There are three ways in which a reset can occur:
* RES reset during normal operation * RES reset during HALT * WDT time-out reset during normal operation
RES
Reset circuit
H ALT W DT W DT T im e - o u t R eset RES SST 1 0 -s ta g e R ip p le C o u n te r R eset
OSC1
Reset configuration
VDD
Some registers remain unchanged during reset conditions. Most registers are reset to the initial condition when the reset conditions are met. By examining the PD and TO flags, the program can distinguish between different chip resets. TO 0 u 0 1 PD 0 u 1 u RESET Conditions RES reset during power-up RES reset during normal operation RES wake-up HALT WDT time-out during normal operation
RES
S S T T im e - o u t C h ip R eset
tS
ST
Reset timing chart
Note: u means unchanged.
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The chip reset status of the registers is summarized in the following table: Register PC (Program Counter) MP ACC TBLP TBLH STATUS PA PB PC Note: u means unchanged x means unknown where m=2 or 3 and n=0~3, both are selected by mask option. If m=2, the duty cycle of the carrier output is 1/2 duty. If m=3, the duty cycle (active low) of the carrier output can be 1/2 duty or 1/3 duty also determined by mask option (with the exception of n=0). Detailed selection of the carrier duty is shown below: m2n 2, 4, 8, 16 3 6, 12, 24 Duty Cycle (Active Low) 1/2 1/3 1/2 or 1/3 WDT Time-out (Norma Operation) 000H -uuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu --uu uuuu --1u uuuu 1111 1111 1111 1111 ---- ---1 RES Reset (Normal Operation) 000H -uuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu --uu uuuu --uu uuuu 1111 1111 1111 1111 ---- ---1 RES Reset (HALT) 000H -uuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu uuuu --uu uuuu --01 uuuu 1111 1111 1111 1111 ---- ---1
Carrier The HT48CA6 provides a carrier output which shares the pin with PC0. It can be selected to be a carrier output (REM) or level output pin (PC0) by mask option. If the carrier output option is selected, setting PC0=0 to enable carrier output and setting PC0=1 to disable it at high level output. The clock source of the carrier is implemented by instruction clock (system clock divided by 4) and processed by a frequency divider to yield various carry frequency. Clock Source Carry Frequency= m 2n
. r e q u e n c y D iv id e r C lo c k S o u r c e ( S y s te m C lo c k /4 ) 3 - b it C o u n te r
V 1 /2 o r 1 /3 d u ty 1 /2 C a r r ie r D u ty S e le c t
DD
M a s k o p tio n ( c a r r ie r o r le v e l) Level R E M /P C 0 C a r r ie r
M a s k O p tio n 1 /3
R e a d p a th fo r r e a d - m o d ify - w r ite P C 0 D a ta R e g is te r
Carrier/Level output
V
DD
P u ll- u p R e a d D a ta DATA BUS S y s te m W a k e -u p M a s k O p tio n PB2~PB7
PB input lines
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HT48CA6
The following table shows examples of carrier frequency selection. fSYS 455kHz 56.9kHz Input/output ports There are an 8-bit bidirectional input/output port, a 6-bit input with 2-bit I/O port and 1-bit output port in the HT48CA6, labeled PA, PB and PC which are mapped to [12H], [14H], [16H] of the RAM, respectively. Each bit of PA can be selected as NMOS output or Schmitt trigger with pull-high resistor by software instruction. PB0~PB1 have the same structure with PA, while PB2~PB7 can only be used for input operation (Schmitt trigger with pull-high resistors). PC is only 1-bit output port shares the pin with carrier output. If the level option is selected, the PC is CMOS output. Both PA and PB for the input operation, these ports are non-latched, that is, the inputs should be ready at the T2 rising edge of the instruction MOV A, [m] (m=12H or 14H). For PA, PB0~PB1 and PC output operation, all 1/2 only 2 fCARRIER 37.92kHz Duty (Active Low) 1/3 only m2n 3 data are latched and remain unchanged until the output latch is rewritten. When the PA and PB0~PB1 is used for input operation, it should be noted that before reading data from pads, a 1 should be written to the related bits to disable the NMOS device. After chip reset, PA and PB remain at a high level input line and PC remain at high level output. Some instructions first input data and then follow the output operations. For example, SET [m].i, CLR [m], CPL [m], CPLA [m] read the entire port states into the CPU, execute the defined operations (bit-operation), and then write the results back to the latches or to the accumulator. It is recommended to apply MOV instructions to the I/O lines since a read-modify-write instruction may change the original state of I/O lines. Each line of PB has a wake-up capability to the device by mask option. The highest seven bits of PC are not physically implemented, on reading them a 0 is returned and writing results in a no-operation.
V
DD
DATA BUS W r ite C h ip R e s e t R e a d D a ta S y s te m W a k e -u p
D CK S
Q
W eak P u ll- u p
Q
PA0~PA7 PB0~PB1
M a s k O p tio n P B 0 ~ P B 1 o n ly
PA, PB input/output lines
Mask option The following table shows eight kinds of mask option in the HT48CA6. All the mask options must be defined to ensure proper system functioning. No. 1 2 3 Mask Option WDT time-out period selection Clock Source Time-out period= where n=8~11. 2n WDT enable or disable selection. This option is to decide whether the WDT timer is enabled or disabled. CLRWDT times selection. This option defines how to clear the WDT by instruction. One time means that the CLR WDT instruction can clear the WDT. Two times means only if both of the CLR WDT1 and CLR WDT2 instructions have been executed, the WDT can be cleared. Wake-up selection. This option defines the wake-up activity function. External input pins (PB only) all have the capability to wake-up the chip from a HALT. Carrier or level output selection. This option defines the activity of PC0 to be carrier output or level output.
4 5
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No. 6 Mask Option Carry frequency selection. Clock Source Carry frequency= where n=0~3. (2 or 3) 2n Carrier duty selection. There are two types of selection: 1/2 duty or 1/3 duty. If carrier frequency= Clock Source / (2, 4, 8 or 16), the duty cycle will be 1/2 duty. If carrier frequency= Clock Source / 3, the duty cycle will be 1/3 duty. If carrier frequency= Clock Source / (6, 12 or 24), the duty cycle can be 1/2 duty or 1/3 duty. OSC type selection. This option is to decide if an RC or Crystal oscillator is chosen as system clock. If the Crystal oscillator is selected, the SST (System Start-up Timer) default is activated, otherwise the SST is disabled.
7
8
Application Circuits
PB1 PB0 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 V
DD
PB2 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6
1W 300p.
P C 0 /R E M OSC1
H T48C A 6
PB7 PA7 PA6
22m.
X 't a l (s e e N o te 2 ) OSC2 300p. 0 .1 m . RES
PA5 PA4
Note:
It is recommended that a 22mF decoupling capacitor is placed between VSS and VDD. If the crystal has a value above 1MHz the capacitors are not required.
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Instruction Set Summary
Mnemonic Arithmetic ADD A,[m] ADDM A,[m] ADD A,x ADC A,[m] ADCM A,[m] SUB A,x SUB A,[m] SUBM A,[m] SBC A,[m] SBCM A,[m] DAA [m] Add data memory to ACC Add ACC to data memory Add immediate data to ACC Add data memory to ACC with carry Add ACC to data memory with carry Subtract immediate data from ACC Subtract data memory from ACC Subtract data memory from ACC with result in data memory Subtract data memory from ACC with carry Subtract data memory from ACC with carry and result in data memory Decimal adjust ACC for addition with result in data memory 1 1(1) 1 1 1(1) 1 1 1(1) 1 1(1) 1(1) Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV Z,C,AC,OV C Description Instruction Cycle Flag Affected
Logic Operation AND A,[m] OR A,[m] XOR A,[m] ANDM A,[m] ORM A,[m] XORM A,[m] AND A,x OR A,x XOR A,x CPL [m] CPLA [m] AND data memory to ACC OR data memory to ACC Exclusive-OR data memory to ACC AND ACC to data memory OR ACC to data memory Exclusive-OR ACC to data memory AND immediate data to ACC OR immediate data to ACC Exclusive-OR immediate data to ACC Complement data memory Complement data memory with result in ACC 1 1 1 1(1) 1(1) 1(1) 1 1 1 1(1) 1 Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z
Increment & Decrement INCA [m] INC [m] DECA [m] DEC [m] Rotate RRA [m] RR [m] RRCA [m] RRC [m] RLA [m] RL [m] RLCA [m] RLC [m] Data Move MOV A,[m] MOV [m],A MOV A,x Bit Operation CLR [m].i SET [m].i Clear bit of data memory Set bit of data memory 1(1) 1(1) None None Move data memory to ACC Move ACC to data memory Move immediate data to ACC 1 1(1) 1 None None None Rotate data memory right with result in ACC Rotate data memory right Rotate data memory right through carry with result in ACC Rotate data memory right through carry Rotate data memory left with result in ACC Rotate data memory left Rotate data memory left through carry with result in ACC Rotate data memory left through carry 1 1(1) 1 1(1) 1 1(1) 1 1(1) None None C C None None C C Increment data memory with result in ACC Increment data memory Decrement data memory with result in ACC Decrement data memory 1 1(1) 1 1(1) Z Z Z Z
Rev. 1.10
12
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
Mnemonic Branch JMP addr SZ [m] SZA [m] SZ [m].i SNZ [m].i SIZ [m] SDZ [m] SIZA [m] SDZA [m] CALL addr RET RET A,x RETI Table Read TABRDC [m] TABRDL [m] Miscellaneous NOP CLR [m] SET [m] CLR WDT CLR WDT1 CLR WDT2 SWAP [m] SWAPA [m] HALT Note: No operation Clear data memory Set data memory Clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Pre-clear Watchdog Timer Swap nibbles of data memory Swap nibbles of data memory with result in ACC Enter power down mode 1 1(1) 1(1) 1 1 1 1(1) 1 1 None None None TO,PD TO(4),PD(4) TO(4),PD(4) None None TO,PD Read ROM code (current page) to data memory and TBLH Read ROM code (last page) to data memory and TBLH 2(1) 2(1) None None Jump unconditionally Skip if data memory is zero Skip if data memory is zero with data movement to ACC Skip if bit i of data memory is zero Skip if bit i of data memory is not zero Skip if increment data memory is zero Skip if decrement data memory is zero Skip if increment data memory is zero with result in ACC Skip if decrement data memory is zero with result in ACC Subroutine call Return from subroutine Return from subroutine and load immediate data to ACC Return from interrupt 2 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(2) 1(3) 1(3) 1(2) 1(2) 2 2 2 2 None None None None None None None None None None None None None Description Instruction Cycle Flag Affected
x: Immediate data m: Data memory address A: Accumulator i: 0~7 number of bits addr: Program memory address O: Flag is affected -: Flag is not affected
(1)
: If a loading to the PCL register occurs, the execution cycle of instructions will be delayed for one more cycle (four system clocks). : If a skipping to the next instruction occurs, the execution cycle of instructions will be delayed for one more cycle (four system clocks). Otherwise the original instruction cycle is unchanged. : and (2)
(2)
(3) (1) (4)
: The flags may be affected by the execution status. If the Watchdog Timer is cleared by executing the CLR WDT1 or CLR WDT2 instruction, the TO and PD are cleared. Otherwise the TO and PD flags remain unchanged.
Rev. 1.10
13
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
Instruction Definition
ADC A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 ADCM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 ADD A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 ADD A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 ADDM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O Add data memory and carry to the accumulator The contents of the specified data memory, accumulator and the carry flag are added simultaneously, leaving the result in the accumulator. ACC ACC+[m]+C
Add the accumulator and carry to data memory The contents of the specified data memory, accumulator and the carry flag are added simultaneously, leaving the result in the specified data memory. [m] ACC+[m]+C
Add data memory to the accumulator The contents of the specified data memory and the accumulator are added. The result is stored in the accumulator. ACC ACC+[m]
Add immediate data to the accumulator The contents of the accumulator and the specified data are added, leaving the result in the accumulator. ACC ACC+x
Add the accumulator to the data memory The contents of the specified data memory and the accumulator are added. The result is stored in the data memory. [m] ACC+[m]
Rev. 1.10
14
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
AND A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 AND A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 ANDM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 CALL addr Description TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 Logical AND accumulator with data memory Data in the accumulator and the specified data memory perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. ACC ACC AND [m]
Logical AND immediate data to the accumulator Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. ACC ACC AND x
Logical AND data memory with the accumulator Data in the specified data memory and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical_AND operation. The result is stored in the data memory. [m] ACC AND [m]
Subroutine call The instruction unconditionally calls a subroutine located at the indicated address. The program counter increments once to obtain the address of the next instruction, and pushes this onto the stack. The indicated address is then loaded. Program execution continues with the instruction at this address. Stack PC+1 PC addr
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 CLR [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Clear data memory The contents of the specified data memory are cleared to 0. [m] 00H
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Rev. 1.10
15
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
CLR [m].i Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 CLR WDT Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 CLR WDT1 Description TC1 3/4 TO 0 PD 0 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 Clear bit of data memory The bit i of the specified data memory is cleared to 0. [m].i 0
Clear Watchdog Timer The WDT is cleared (clears the WDT). The power down bit (PD) and time-out bit (TO) are cleared. WDT 00H PD and TO 0
Preclear Watchdog Timer Together with CLR WDT2, clears the WDT. PD and TO are also cleared. Only execution of this instruction without the other preclear instruction just sets the indicated flag which implies this instruction has been executed and the TO and PD flags remain unchanged. WDT 00H* PD and TO 0*
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 CLR WDT2 Description
TC1 3/4
TO 0*
PD 0*
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Preclear Watchdog Timer Together with CLR WDT1, clears the WDT. PD and TO are also cleared. Only execution of this instruction without the other preclear instruction, sets the indicated flag which implies this instruction has been executed and the TO and PD flags remain unchanged. WDT 00H* PD and TO 0*
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 CPL [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4
TC1 3/4
TO 0*
PD 0*
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Complement data memory Each bit of the specified data memory is logically complemented (1s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice-versa. [m] [m]
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z O
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Rev. 1.10
16
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
CPLA [m] Description Complement data memory and place result in the accumulator Each bit of the specified data memory is logically complemented (1s complement). Bits which previously contained a 1 are changed to 0 and vice-versa. The complemented result is stored in the accumulator and the contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC [m]
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 DAA [m] Description
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z O
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Decimal-Adjust accumulator for addition The accumulator value is adjusted to the BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) code. The accumulator is divided into two nibbles. Each nibble is adjusted to the BCD code and an internal carry (AC1) will be done if the low nibble of the accumulator is greater than 9. The BCD adjustment is done by adding 6 to the original value if the original value is greater than 9 or a carry (AC or C) is set; otherwise the original value remains unchanged. The result is stored in the data memory and only the carry flag (C) may be affected. If ACC.3~ACC.0 >9 or AC=1 then [m].3~[m].0 (ACC.3~ACC.0)+6, AC1=AC else [m].3~[m].0 (ACC.3~ACC.0), AC1=0 and If ACC.7~ACC.4+AC1 >9 or C=1 then [m].7~[m].4 ACC.7~ACC.4+6+AC1,C=1 else [m].7~[m].4 ACC.7~ACC.4+AC1,C=C
Operation
Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 DEC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 DECA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C O
Decrement data memory Data in the specified data memory is decremented by 1. [m] [m]-1
Decrement data memory and place result in the accumulator Data in the specified data memory is decremented by 1, leaving the result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC [m]-1
Rev. 1.10
17
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
HALT Description Enter power down mode This instruction stops program execution and turns off the system clock. The contents of the RAM and registers are retained. The WDT and prescaler are cleared. The power down bit (PD) is set and the WDT time-out bit (TO) is cleared. PC PC+1 PD 1 TO 0
Operation
Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 INC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 INCA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 JMP addr Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 MOV A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 0 PD 1 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4
Increment data memory Data in the specified data memory is incremented by 1 [m] [m]+1
Increment data memory and place result in the accumulator Data in the specified data memory is incremented by 1, leaving the result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC [m]+1
Directly jump The program counter are replaced with the directly-specified address unconditionally, and control is passed to this destination. PC addr
Move data memory to the accumulator The contents of the specified data memory are copied to the accumulator. ACC [m]
Rev. 1.10
18
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
MOV A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 MOV [m],A Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 NOP Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 OR A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 OR A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 ORM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 Move immediate data to the accumulator The 8-bit data specified by the code is loaded into the accumulator. ACC x
Move the accumulator to data memory The contents of the accumulator are copied to the specified data memory (one of the data memories). [m] ACC
No operation No operation is performed. Execution continues with the next instruction. PC PC+1
Logical OR accumulator with data memory Data in the accumulator and the specified data memory (one of the data memories) perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. ACC ACC OR [m]
Logical OR immediate data to the accumulator Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. ACC ACC OR x
Logical OR data memory with the accumulator Data in the data memory (one of the data memories) and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical_OR operation. The result is stored in the data memory. [m] ACC OR [m]
Rev. 1.10
19
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
RET Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RET A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RL [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RLA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RLC [m] Description Operation TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 Return from subroutine The program counter is restored from the stack. This is a 2-cycle instruction. PC Stack
Return and place immediate data in the accumulator The program counter is restored from the stack and the accumulator loaded with the specified 8-bit immediate data. PC Stack ACC x
Rotate data memory left The contents of the specified data memory are rotated 1 bit left with bit 7 rotated into bit 0. [m].(i+1) [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].0 [m].7
Rotate data memory left and place result in the accumulator Data in the specified data memory is rotated 1 bit left with bit 7 rotated into bit 0, leaving the rotated result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC.(i+1) [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.0 [m].7
Rotate data memory left through carry The contents of the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit left. Bit 7 replaces the carry bit; the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 0 position. [m].(i+1) [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].0 C C [m].7
Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C O
Rev. 1.10
20
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
RLCA [m] Description Rotate left through carry and place result in the accumulator Data in the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit left. Bit 7 replaces the carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into bit 0 position. The rotated result is stored in the accumulator but the contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC.(i+1) [m].i; [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.0 C C [m].7
Operation
Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RR [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RRA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 RRC [m] Description Operation TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C O
Rotate data memory right The contents of the specified data memory are rotated 1 bit right with bit 0 rotated to bit 7. [m].i [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].7 [m].0
Rotate right and place result in the accumulator Data in the specified data memory is rotated 1 bit right with bit 0 rotated into bit 7, leaving the rotated result in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC.(i) [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.7 [m].0
Rotate data memory right through carry The contents of the specified data memory and the carry flag are together rotated 1 bit right. Bit 0 replaces the carry bit; the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 7 position. [m].i [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) [m].7 C C [m].0
Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C O
Rev. 1.10
21
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
RRCA [m] Description Rotate right through carry and place result in the accumulator Data of the specified data memory and the carry flag are rotated 1 bit right. Bit 0 replaces the carry bit and the original carry flag is rotated into the bit 7 position. The rotated result is stored in the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC.i [m].(i+1); [m].i:bit i of the data memory (i=0~6) ACC.7 C C [m].0
Operation
Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SBC A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SBCM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SDZ [m] Description TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C O
Subtract data memory and carry from the accumulator The contents of the specified data memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator. ACC ACC+[m]+C
Subtract data memory and carry from the accumulator The contents of the specified data memory and the complement of the carry flag are subtracted from the accumulator, leaving the result in the data memory. [m] ACC+[m]+C
Skip if decrement data memory is 0 The contents of the specified data memory are decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next instruction is skipped. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if ([m]-1)=0, [m] ([m]-1)
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 SDZA [m] Description
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Decrement data memory and place result in ACC, skip if 0 The contents of the specified data memory are decremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next instruction is skipped. The result is stored in the accumulator but the data memory remains unchanged. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if ([m]-1)=0, ACC ([m]-1)
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Rev. 1.10
22
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
SET [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SET [m]. i Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SIZ [m] Description TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 Set data memory Each bit of the specified data memory is set to 1. [m] FFH
Set bit of data memory Bit i of the specified data memory is set to 1. [m].i 1
Skip if increment data memory is 0 The contents of the specified data memory are incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if ([m]+1)=0, [m] ([m]+1)
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 SIZA [m] Description
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Increment data memory and place result in ACC, skip if 0 The contents of the specified data memory are incremented by 1. If the result is 0, the next instruction is skipped and the result is stored in the accumulator. The data memory remains unchanged. If the result is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if ([m]+1)=0, ACC ([m]+1)
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 SNZ [m].i Description
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Skip if bit i of the data memory is not 0 If bit i of the specified data memory is not 0, the next instruction is skipped. If bit i of the data memory is not 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if [m].i0
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Rev. 1.10
23
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
SUB A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SUBM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SUB A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SWAP [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 SWAPA [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z 3/4 AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV O Z O AC O C O Subtract data memory from the accumulator The specified data memory is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator. ACC ACC+[m]+1
Subtract data memory from the accumulator The specified data memory is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the data memory. [m] ACC+[m]+1
Subtract immediate data from the accumulator The immediate data specified by the code is subtracted from the contents of the accumulator, leaving the result in the accumulator. ACC ACC+x+1
Swap nibbles within the data memory The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified data memory (1 of the data memories) are interchanged. [m].3~[m].0 [m].7~[m].4
Swap data memory and place result in the accumulator The low-order and high-order nibbles of the specified data memory are interchanged, writing the result to the accumulator. The contents of the data memory remain unchanged. ACC.3~ACC.0 [m].7~[m].4 ACC.7~ACC.4 [m].3~[m].0
Rev. 1.10
24
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
SZ [m] Description Skip if data memory is 0 If the contents of the specified data memory are 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if [m]=0
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 SZA [m] Description
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Move data memory to ACC, skip if 0 The contents of the specified data memory are copied to the accumulator. If the contents is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if [m]=0
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 SZ [m].i Description
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Skip if bit i of the data memory is 0 If bit i of the specified data memory is 0, the following instruction, fetched during the current instruction execution, is discarded and a dummy cycle is replaced to get the proper instruction (2 cycles). Otherwise proceed with the next instruction (1 cycle). Skip if [m].i=0
Operation Affected flag(s)
TC2 3/4 TABRDC [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TABRDL [m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Move the ROM code (current page) to TBLH and data memory The low byte of ROM code (current page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the specified data memory and the high byte transferred to TBLH directly. [m] ROM code (low byte) TBLH ROM code (high byte)
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Move the ROM code (last page) to TBLH and data memory The low byte of ROM code (last page) addressed by the table pointer (TBLP) is moved to the data memory and the high byte transferred to TBLH directly. [m] ROM code (low byte) TBLH ROM code (high byte)
TC1 3/4
TO 3/4
PD 3/4
OV 3/4
Z 3/4
AC 3/4
C 3/4
Rev. 1.10
25
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
XOR A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 XORM A,[m] Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 XOR A,x Description Operation Affected flag(s) TC2 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 TC1 3/4 TO 3/4 PD 3/4 OV 3/4 Z O AC 3/4 C 3/4 Logical XOR accumulator with data memory Data in the accumulator and the indicated data memory perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation and the result is stored in the accumulator. ACC ACC XOR [m]
Logical XOR data memory with the accumulator Data in the indicated data memory and the accumulator perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation. The result is stored in the data memory. The 0 flag is affected. [m] ACC XOR [m]
Logical XOR immediate data to the accumulator Data in the accumulator and the specified data perform a bitwise logical Exclusive_OR operation. The result is stored in the accumulator. The 0 flag is affected. ACC ACC XOR x
Rev. 1.10
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July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
Package Information
20-pin SOP (300mil) outline dimensions
20
A
11
B
1
C C'
10
G H
D E .
a
Symbol A B C C D E F G H a
Dimensions in mil Min. 394 290 14 490 92 3/4 4 32 4 0 Nom. 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 50 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 Max. 419 300 20 510 104 3/4 3/4 38 12 10
Rev. 1.10
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July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
24-pin SOP (300mil) outline dimensions
24 A
13 B
1
12
C C' G H D E .
a
Symbol A B C C D E F G H a
Dimensions in mil Min. 394 290 14 590 92 3/4 4 32 4 0 Nom. 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 50 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 Max. 419 300 20 614 104 3/4 3/4 38 12 10
Rev. 1.10
28
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
Product Tape and Reel Specifications
Reel dimensions
T2 D
A
B
C
T1
SOP 20W Symbol A B C D T1 T2 Description Reel Outer Diameter Reel Inner Diameter Spindle Hole Diameter Key Slit Width Space Between Flange Reel Thickness Dimensions in mm 3301.0 621.5 13.0+0.5 -0.2 2.00.5 24.8+0.3 -0.2 30.20.2
SOP 24W Symbol A B C D T1 T2 Description Reel Outer Diameter Reel Inner Diameter Spindle Hole Diameter Key Slit Width Space Between Flange Reel Thickness Dimensions in mm 3301.0 621.5 13.0+0.5 -0.2 2.00.5 24.8+0.3 -0.2 30.20.2
Rev. 1.10
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HT48CA6
Carrier tape dimensions
P0 D
E . W C
P1
t
B0
D1
P
K0 A0
SOP 20W Symbol W P E F D D1 P0 P1 A0 B0 K0 t C SOP 24W Symbol W P E F D D1 P0 P1 A0 B0 K0 t C Description Carrier Tape Width Cavity Pitch Perforation Position Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) Perforation Diameter Cavity Hole Diameter Perforation Pitch Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) Cavity Length Cavity Width Cavity Depth Carrier Tape Thickness Cover Tape Width Dimensions in mm 24.00.3 12.00.1 1.750.1 11.50.1 1.55+0.1 1.5+0.25 4.00.1 2.00.1 10.90.1 15.90.1 3.10.1 0.350.05 21.3 Description Carrier Tape Width Cavity Pitch Perforation Position Cavity to Perforation (Width Direction) Perforation Diameter Cavity Hole Diameter Perforation Pitch Cavity to Perforation (Length Direction) Cavity Length Cavity Width Cavity Depth Carrier Tape Thickness Cover Tape Width Dimensions in mm 24.0+0.3 -0.1 12.00.1 1.750.1 11.50.1 1.5+0.1 1.5+0.25 4.00.1 2.00.1 10.80.1 13.30.1 3.20.1 0.30.05 21.3
Rev. 1.10
30
July 26, 2002
HT48CA6
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters) No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan Tel: 886-3-563-1999 Fax: 886-3-563-1189 http://www.holtek.com.tw Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office) 4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-2655-7070 Fax: 886-2-2655-7373 Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline) Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shanghai Sales Office) 7th Floor, Building 2, No.889, Yi Shan Rd., Shanghai, China 200233 Tel: 021-6485-5560 Fax: 021-6485-0313 http://www.holtek.com.cn Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office) 43F, SEG Plaza, Shen Nan Zhong Road, Shenzhen, China 518031 Tel: 0755-8346-5589 Fax: 0755-8346-5590 ISDN: 0755-8346-5591 Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Beijing Sales Office) Suite 1721, Jinyu Tower, A129 West Xuan Wu Men Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100031 Tel: 010-6641-0030, 6641-7751, 6641-7752 Fax: 010-6641-0125 Holmate Semiconductor, Inc. (North America Sales Office) 46712 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538 Tel: 510-252-9880 Fax: 510-252-9885 http://www.holmate.com Copyright O 2003 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC. The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Holteks products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information, please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.
Rev. 1.10
31
July 26, 2002

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