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CS4121 Low Voltage Precision Air-Core Tach/Speedo Driver
The CS4121 is specifically designed for use with air-core meter movements. The IC provides all the functions necessary for an analog tachometer or speedometer. The CS4121 takes a speed sensor input and generates sine and cosine related output signals to differentially drive an air-core meter. Many enhancements have been added over industry standard tachometer drivers such as the CS289 or LM1819. The output utilizes differential drivers which eliminates the need for a Zener reference and offers more torque. The device withstands 60 V transients which decreases the protection circuitry required. The device is also more precise than existing devices allowing for fewer trims and for use in a speedometer. The CS4121 is compatible with the CS8190, and provides higher accuracy at a lower supply voltage (8.0 V min. as opposed to 8.5 V). It is functionally operational to 6.5 V.
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SO-20L DWF SUFFIX CASE 751D
* * * * * * * *
Pb-Free Package is Available* Direct Sensor Input High Torque Output Low Pointer Flutter High Input Impedance Overvoltage Protection Accurate to 8.0 V Functional to 6.5 V (typ) Internally Fused Leads in SO-20 Package and DIP-16
16 1
DIP-16 NF SUFFIX CASE 648
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device CS4121EDWF20 CS4121EDWF20G Package SO-20L SO-20L (Pb-Free) SO-20L DIP-16 Shipping 37 Units/Rail 37 Units/Rail 1000 Tape&Reel 25 Units/Rail
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Rating Supply Voltage, VCC < 100 ms Pulse Transient Continuous Operating Temperature (TJ) Storage Temperature Junction Temperature ESD (Human Body Model) Lead Temperature Soldering: Wave Solder (through hole styles only) (Note 1) Reflow: (SMD styles only) (Note 2) 60 24 -40 to +105 -40 to +165 -40 to +150 4.0 260 peak 230 peak V V C C C kV C C Value Unit
CS4121EDWFR20 CS4121ENF16
For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
DEVICE MARKING INFORMATION
See specific marking information and pin connection information on page 4 of this data sheet.
Maximum ratings are those values beyond which device damage can occur. Maximum ratings applied to the device are individual stress limit values (not normal operating conditions) and are not valid simultaneously. If these limits are exceeded, device functional operation is not implied, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 1. 10 seconds maximum. 2. 60 second maximum above 183C. *For additional information on our Pb-Free strategy and soldering details, please download the ON Semiconductor Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D.
(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2004
1
June, 2004 - Rev. 8
Publication Order Number: CS4121/D
CS4121
BIAS CP+ SQOUT Charge Pump + -
F/VOUT CP-
VREG FREQIN + -
Voltage Regulator GND VREG 7.0 V
GND
GND
GND
COS+ - + + - Func. Gen. - + + -
SINE+
COS Output
SINE Output
COS- High Voltage Protection
SINE-
VCC
Figure 1. Block Diagram
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CS4121
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (-40C TA 85C, 8.0 V VCC 16 V, unless otherwise specified.)
Characteristic Supply Voltage Section ICC Supply Current VCC Normal Operation Range Input Comparator Section Positive Input Threshold Input Hysteresis Input Bias Current (Note 4) Input Frequency Range Input Voltage Range Output VSAT Output Leakage Logic 0 Input Voltage Voltage Regulator Section Output Voltage Output Load Current Output Load Regulation Output Line Regulation Power Supply Rejection Charge Pump Section Inverting Input Voltage Input Bias Current VBIAS Input Voltage Non Invert. Input Voltage Linearity (Note 3) F/VOUT Gain Norton Gain, Positive Norton Gain, Negative IIN = 1.0 mA @ 0, 87.5, 175, 262.5, + 350 Hz @ 350 Hz, CCP = 0.0033 mF, RT = 243 kW IIN = 15 mA IIN = 15 mA 8.0 V VCC 16 V, q = 0 8.0 V VCC 16 V, q = 90 8.0 V VCC 16 V, q = 180 8.0 V VCC 16 V, q = 270 8.0 V VCC 16 V, TA = 25C - VCC = 13.1 V, TA = 25C q = 0 to 305 13.1 V VCC 16 V, TA = 25C 13.1 V VCC 11 V, TA = 25C 13.1 V VCC 8.0 V, TA = 25C 25C TA 85C 25C TA 105C -40C TA 25C q vs F/VOUT, TA = 25C - - - 1.5 - 1.5 - -0.10 7.0 0.9 0.9 2.0 40 2.0 0.7 0.28 10 1.0 1.0 2.5 150 2.5 1.1 +0.70 13 1.1 1.1 V nA V V % mV/Hz I/I I/I 0 to 10 mA 8.0 V VCC 16 V VCC = 13.1 V, 1.0 VP/P 1.0 kHz - - 6.25 - - - 34 7.00 - 10 20 46 7.50 10 50 150 - V mA mV mV dB 0 V VIN 8.0 V - in series with 1.0 kW ICC = 10 mA VCC = 7.0 V - - - 1.0 200 - 0 -1.0 0 - 1.0 2.0 500 -10 - - 0.15 - - 3.0 - -80 20 VCC 0.40 10 - V mV mA kHz V V mA V VCC = 16 V, -40C, No Load - - 8.0 50 13.1 125 16 mA V Test Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
Function Generator Section (-40C TA 85C, VCC = 13.1 V unless otherwise noted.) Differential Drive Voltage, (VCOS+ - VCOS-) Differential Drive Voltage, (VSIN+ - VSIN-) Differential Drive Voltage, (VCOS+ - VCOS-) Differential Drive Voltage, (VSIN+ - VSIN-) Differential Drive Current Zero Hertz Output Angle Function Generator Error (Note 5) Reference Figures 2, 3, 4, 5 Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Error Function Generator Gain 5.5 5.5 -7.5 -7.5 - -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 -1.0 -3.0 -3.0 -5.5 -3.0 60 6.5 6.5 -6.5 -6.5 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77 7.5 7.5 -5.5 -5.5 42 1.5 +2.0 +2.5 +1.0 +3.0 +3.0 +5.5 +3.0 95 V V V V mA deg deg deg deg deg deg deg deg /V
3. Applies to % of full scale (270). 4. Input is clamped by an internal 12 V Zener. 5. Deviation from nominal per Table 1 after calibration at 0 and 270.
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CS4121
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
PACKAGE PIN # DIP-16 1 2 3 4, 5, 12, 13 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 SO-20L 1 2 3 4-7, 14-17 8 9 10 11 12 13 18 19 20 PIN SYMBOL CP+ SQOUT FREQIN GND COS+ COS- VCC BIAS SIN- SIN+ VREG F/VOUT CP- FUNCTION Positive input to charge pump. Buffered square wave output signal. Speed or RPM input signal. Ground Connections. Positive cosine output signal. Negative cosine output signal. Ignition or battery supply voltage. Test point or zero adjustment. Negative sine output signal. Positive sine output signal. Voltage regulator output. Output voltage proportional to input signal frequency. Negative input to charge pump.
MARKING DIAGRAM AND PIN CONNECTIONS
DIP-16 1 CP+ SQOUT FREQIN GND GND COS+ COS- VCC CS-4121 0002SB001 AWLYYWW 16 CP- F/VOUT VREG GND GND SIN+ SIN- BIAS CP+ SQOUT FREQIN GND GND GND GND COS+ COS- VCC
1
SO-20L
20 CP- F/VOUT VREG GND GND GND GND SIN+ SIN- BIAS
CS-4121 AWLYYWW
A WL YY WW
= Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week
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CS4121
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
F VOUT + 2.0 V ) 2.0 FREQ CCP RT (VREG * 0.7 V)
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 COS F/V Output (V) SIN 0 45 90 135 180 225 Degrees of Deflection () 270 315
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 Frequency/Output Angle () 315
Output Voltage (V)
Figure 2. Function Generator Output Voltage vs. Degrees of Deflection
7.0 V (VSINE+) - (VSINE-) 1.50 1.25 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 -1.25 -1.50 0
Figure 3. Charge Pump Output Voltage vs. Output Angle
q -7.0 V
Angle 7.0 V
(VCOS+) - (VCOS-) VSIN ) * VSIN * VCOS ) * VCOS *
q + ARCTAN
-7.0 V
Deviation ()
45
90
225 135 180 Theoretical Angle ()
270
315
Figure 4. Output Angle in Polar Form
45 40 35 Ideal Angle () 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 9 13 17 25 21 Nominal Angle ()
Figure 5. Nominal Output Deviation
Ideal Degrees Nominal Degrees
29
33
37
41
45
Figure 6. Nominal Angle vs. Ideal Angle (After Calibrating at 1805)
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CS4121
Table 1. Function Generator Output Nominal Angle vs. Ideal Angle (After Calibrating at 2705)
Ideal q Degrees 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Nominal q Degrees 0 1.09 2.19 3.29 4.38 5.47 6.56 7.64 8.72 9.78 10.84 11.90 12.94 13.97 14.99 16.00 17.00 Ideal q Degrees 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Nominal q Degrees 17.98 18.96 19.92 20.86 21.79 22.71 23.61 24.50 25.37 26.23 27.07 27.79 28.73 29.56 30.39 31.24 32.12 Ideal q Degrees 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 50 55 60 65 70 Nominal q Degrees 33.04 34.00 35.00 36.04 37.11 38.21 39.32 40.45 41.59 42.73 43.88 45.00 50.68 56.00 60.44 64.63 69.14 Ideal q Degrees 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 Nominal q Degrees 74.00 79.16 84.53 90.00 95.47 100.84 106.00 110.86 115.37 119.56 124.00 129.32 135.00 140.68 146.00 150.44 154.63 Ideal q Degrees 160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195 200 205 210 215 220 225 230 235 240 Nominal q Degrees 159.14 164.00 169.16 174.33 180.00 185.47 190.84 196.00 200.86 205.37 209.56 214.00 219.32 225.00 230.58 236.00 240.44 Ideal q Degrees 245 250 255 260 265 270 275 280 285 290 295 300 305 Nominal q Degrees 244.63 249.14 254.00 259.16 264.53 270.00 275.47 280.84 286.00 290.86 295.37 299.21 303.02
Note: Temperature, voltage and nonlinearity not included.
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CS4121
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION and APPLICATION NOTES The CS4121 is specifically designed for use with air-core meter movements. It includes an input comparator for sensing an input signal from an ignition pulse or speed sensor, a charge pump for frequency to voltage conversion, a bandgap voltage regulator for stable operation, and a function generator with sine and cosine amplifiers to differentially drive the meter coils. From the partial schematic of Figure 7, the input signal is applied to the FREQIN lead, this is the input to a high impedance comparator with a typical positive input threshold of 2.0 V and typical hysteresis of 0.5 V. The output of the comparator, SQOUT, is applied to the charge pump input CP+ through an external capacitor CCP. When the input signal changes state, CCP is charged or discharged through R3 and R4. The charge accumulated on CCP is mirrored to C4 by the Norton Amplifier circuit comprising of Q1, Q2 and Q3. The charge pump output voltage, F/VOUT, ranges from 2.0 V to 6.3 V depending on the input signal frequency and the gain of the charge pump according to the formula:
F VOUT + 2.0 V ) 2.0 FREQ CCP RT (VREG * 0.7 V)
Ripple voltage on the F/V output causes pointer or needle flutter especially at low input frequencies. The response time of the F/V is determined by the time constant formed by RT and C4. Increasing the value of C4 will reduce the ripple on the F/V output but will also increase the response time. An increase in response time causes a very slow meter movement and may be unacceptable for many applications.
Design Example
Maximum meter Deflection = 270 Maximum Input Frequency = 350 Hz 1. Select RT and CCP
q + 970 RT + FREQ CCP RT + 270
Let CT = 0.0033 mF, find RT
970 270 350 Hz 0.0033 mF
RT + 243 kW
RT is a potentiometer used to adjust the gain of the F/V output stage and give the correct meter deflection. The F/V output voltage is applied to the function generator which generates the sine and cosine output voltages. The output voltage of the sine and cosine amplifiers are derived from the on-chip amplifier and function generator circuitry. The various trip points for the circuit (i.e., 0, 90, 180, 270) are determined by an internal resistor divider and the bandgap voltage reference. The coils are differentially driven, allowing bidirectional current flow in the outputs, thus providing up to 305 range of meter deflection. Driving the coils differentially offers faster response time, higher current capability, higher output voltage swings, and reduced external component count. The key advantage is a higher torque output for the pointer. The output angle, q, is equal to the F/V gain multiplied by the function generator gain:
q + AF V AFG,
RT should be a 250 kW potentiometer to trim out any inaccuracies due to IC tolerances or meter movement pointer placement. 2. Select R3 and R4 Resistor R3 sets the output current from the voltage regulator. The maximum output current from the voltage regulator is 10 mA. R3 must ensure that the current does not exceed this limit. Choose R3 = 3.3 kW The charge current for CCP is
VREG * 0.7 V + 1.90 mA 3.3 kW
CCP must charge and discharge fully during each cycle of the input signal. Time for one cycle at maximum frequency is 2.85 ms. To ensure that CCP is charged, assume that the (R3 + R4) CCP time constant is less than 10% of the minimum input period.
T + 10% 1 + 285 ms 350 Hz
where:
AFG + 77 V(typ)
The relationship between input frequency and output angle is:
q + AFG 2.0 FREQ CCP RT (VREG * 0.7 V)
or,
q + 970 FREQ CCP RT
Choose R4 = 1.0 kW. Discharge time: tDCHG = R3 x CCP = 3.3 kW x 0.0033 mF = 10.9 ms Charge time: tCHG = (R3 + R4)CCP = 4.3 kW. x 0.0033 mF = 14.2 ms 3. Determine C4 C4 is selected to satisfy both the maximum allowable ripple voltage and response time of the meter movement.
C4 + CCP(VREG * 0.7 V) DVMAX
The ripple voltage at the F/V converter's output is determined by the ratio of CCP and C4 in the formula:
DV + CCP(VREG * 0.7 V) C4
With C4 = 0.47 mF, the F/V ripple voltage is 44 mV.
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CS4121
VREG 2.0 V
+
F/VOUT F to V RT
R3 0.25 V
+
-
VC(t) CCP
Q3
-
CP-
FREQIN
+
SQOUT
R4
CP+ C4 Q1 Q2
QSQUARE
-
2.0 V
Figure 7. Partial Schematic of Input and Charge Pump
T
tDCHG VCC
tCHG
FREQIN 0
SQOUT
VREG
0
ICP+
600 mV VCP+ 0
-0.3 V
Figure 8. Timing Diagram of FREQIN and ICP
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CS4121
R3 Speedo Input CCP 0.0033 mF 30 PPM/C R4 1 CP+ 1.0 kW SQOUT FREQIN CS4121 10 kW C3 0.1 mF GND GND COS+ Battery R1 0.1 mF D2 50 V, 500 mW Zener COS- VCC C1 COSINE SINE CP- F/VOUT VREG GND GND SINE+ SINE- BIAS C4
+
3.0 kW
0.47 mF
R2
Trim Resistor RT 20 PPM/C 243 kW
3.9, D1 1.0 A 500 mW 600 PIV
GND
Air Core Gauge 200 W
Speedometer
Notes: 1. For 58% Speed Input TMAX 5.0/fMAX where TMAX = CCP (R3 + R4) fMAX = maximum speed input frequency 2. The product of C4 and RT have a direct effect on gain and therefore directly affect temperature compensation. 3. CCP Range; 20 pF to 0.2 mF. 4. RT Range; 100 kW to 500 kW. 5. The Ic must be protected from transients above 60 V and reverse battery conditions. 6. Additional filtering on FREQIN lead may be required. 7. Gauge coil connections to the IC must be kept as short as possible ( 3.0 inch) for best pointer stability.
Figure 9. Speedometer or Tachometer Application
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CS4121
R4 R3 3.0 kW CCP 0.0033 mF 30 PPM/C 1.0 kW
1
CP+ SQOUT FREQIN CS4121
CP- F/VOUT VREG GND GND SINE+ SINE- BIAS C4 +
Speedo Input
0.47 mF
RT
R2 10 kW C3 0.1 mF
Trim Resistor 20 PPM/C 243 kW
GND GND COS+
Battery
R1 D2 50 V, 500 mW Zener C1 0.1 mF
COS- VCC
3.9, D1 1.0 A 500 mW 600 PIV
COSINE
SINE
GND
Air Core Gauge 200 W
Speedometer
C2
1
CS8441
Notes: 1. The product of C4 and RT have a direct effect on gain and therefore directly affect temperature compensation. 2. CCP Range; 20 pF to 0.2 mF. 3. RT Range; 100 kW to 500 kW. 4. The Ic must be protected from transients above 60 V and reverse battery conditions. 5. Additional filtering on FREQIN lead may be required. 6. Gauge coil connections to the IC must be kept as short as possible ( 3.0 inch) for best pointer stability.
Air Core Stepper Motor 200 W
Odometer
Figure 10. Speedometer With Odometer or Tachometer Application
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CS4121
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
DIP-16 NF SUFFIX CASE 648-08 ISSUE T
-A-
16 9 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 4. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. 5. ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.
B
1 8
F S
C
L
-T- H G D
16 PL
SEATING PLANE
K
J TA
M
M
0.25 (0.010)
M
DIM A B C D F G H J K L M S
INCHES MIN MAX 0.740 0.770 0.250 0.270 0.145 0.175 0.015 0.021 0.040 0.70 0.100 BSC 0.050 BSC 0.008 0.015 0.110 0.130 0.295 0.305 0_ 10 _ 0.020 0.040
MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 18.80 19.55 6.35 6.85 3.69 4.44 0.39 0.53 1.02 1.77 2.54 BSC 1.27 BSC 0.21 0.38 2.80 3.30 7.50 7.74 0_ 10 _ 0.51 1.01
SO-20L DWF SUFFIX CASE 751D-05 ISSUE G
NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. 2. INTERPRET DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 3. DIMENSIONS D AND E DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. 4. MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 PER SIDE. 5. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.13 TOTAL IN EXCESS OF B DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DIM A A1 B C D E e H h L q MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 2.35 2.65 0.10 0.25 0.35 0.49 0.23 0.32 12.65 12.95 7.40 7.60 1.27 BSC 10.05 10.55 0.25 0.75 0.50 0.90 0_ 7_
D
A
11 X 45 _
q
H
M
B
M
20
10X
0.25
E
1
10
20X
B 0.25
M
B TA
S
B
S
A
SEATING PLANE
h
18X
e
A1
T
C
PACKAGE THERMAL DATA Parameter RqJC RqJA Typical Typical DIP-16 15 50 SO-20L 9 55 Unit C/W C/W
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L
CS4121
ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
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CS4121/D

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