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| POWER OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS PA34 MICROTECHNOLOGY HTTP://WWW.APEXMICROTECH.COM (800) 546-APEX (800) 546-2739 PRELIMINARY FEATURES * LOW COST * WIDE COMMON MODE RANGE -- Includes negative supply * WIDE SUPPLY VOLTAGE RANGE Single supply: 5V to 40V Split supplies: 2.5V to 20V * HIGH EFFICIENCY -- |Vs-2.2V| at 2.5A typ * HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT -- 2.5A min * INTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT * LOW DISTORTION Graphic for PA34 Here EXTERNAL CONNECTIONS PA34 APPLICATIONS * HALF & FULL BRIDGE MOTOR DRIVERS * AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER STEREO -- 18W RMS per channel BRIDGE -- 36W RMS per package * IDEAL FOR SINGLE SUPPLY SYSTEMS 5V -- Peripherals 12V -- Automotive 28V -- Avionic C DESCRIPTION The PA34 consist of a monolithic power op amp in a 7-pin T0220 package. The wide common mode input range includes the negative rail, facilitating single supply applications. It is possible to have a "ground based" input driving a single supply amplifier with ground acting as the "second" or "bottom" supply of the amplifier. The output stage is also well protected. They possess internal current limit circuits. While the device is well protected, the Safe Operating Area (SOA) curve must be observed. Proper heatsinking is required for maximum reliability. The tab of the 7 pin plastic package is tied to -VS. 1 +IN 2 -IN 3 VBOOST 4 -VS 5 ISENSE 6 OUT 7 +VS APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 * FAX (520) 888-3329 * ORDERS (520) 690-8601 * EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com 1 PA34 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SUPPLY VOLTAGE, total OUTPUT CURRENT POWER DISSIPATION, internal (per amplifier) INPUT VOLTAGE, differential INPUT VOLTAGE, common mode JUNCTION TEMPERATURE, max1 TEMPERATURE, pin solder--10 sec max TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE, case ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS 5V to 40V SOA 25W VS +VS, -VS-.5V 150C 300C -65C to 150C -55C to 125C SPECIFICATIONS PARAMETER INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE, initial OFFSET VOLTAGE, vs. temperature BIAS CURRENT, initial COMMON MODE RANGE COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC POWER SUPPLY REJECTION GAIN OPEN LOOP GAIN GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT PHASE MARGIN POWER BANDWIDTH OUTPUT CURRENT, peak CURRENT, limit SLEW RATE CAPACITIVE LOAD DRIVE VOLTAGE SWING VOLTAGE SWING VOLTAGE SWING VOLTAGE SWING POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VSS3 CURRENT, quiescent, total THERMAL RESISTANCE, DC junction to case RESISTENCE,AC junction to case RESISTANCE, junction to air TEMPERATURE RANGE, case NOTES: 1. 2. 3. 4. 54 2.5 .5 AV = 1 Full temp. range, IO = 100mA Full temp. range, IO = 1A IO = 2.5A IO = 3.0A |VS| -1.0 |VS| -1.8 |VS| -3.0 Full temperature range AV = 40dB Full temperature range VO(P-P) = 28V 80 Full temperature range Full temperature range Full temperature range Full temperature range 35 -VS-.3 60 60 TEST CONDITIONS 2 MIN PA34 TYP MAX UNITS 1.5 15 1000 85 80 10 nA +VS-2 mV V/C dB dB dB 100 600 65 13.6 dB kHz kHz 3.0 1.2 .22 |VS| -0.8 |VS| -1.4 |VS| -2.8 A A V/s F V V V V 30 45 40 90 V mA 5.0 3.7 30 Meets full range specifications -25 85 C/W C/W C/W C Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. Unless otherwise noted, the following conditions apply: VS = 15V, TC = 25C. +VS and -VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. VSS denotes the total rail-to-rail supply voltage. Current limit may not function properly below VSS = 6V, however SOA violations are unlikely in this area. APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD * TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 * USA * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 2 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS PA34 NORMALIZED BIAS CURRENT, I B (X) INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, P(W) POWER DERATING 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE, T (C) BIAS CURRENT 1.75 1.5 1.25 1.0 .75 .5 .25 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (C) 0 -30 -60 NORMALIZED CURRENT LIMIT, I LIM (A) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (VPP ) 50 40 30 25 20 15 10 POWER RESPONSE |+VS | + |-V | = 40V S 5 1K 10K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 100K SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE 100 OPEN LOOP GAIN, A (dB) 80 PHASE, () 60 40 20 0 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) PHASE RESPONSE CURRENT LIMIT 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 .8 .6 .4 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (C) C -90 -120 -150 -180 -210 0 10 100 1K 10K .1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 1M -20 POWER SUPPLY REJECTION, PSR (dB) VOLTAGE DROP FROM SUPPLY, (V) POWER SUPPLY REJECTION 89 83 80 77 74 71 69 66 63 60 0 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M FREQUENCY, F (Hz) OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VO (V) 86 10 5 0 PULSE RESPONSE AV = 1 R L =10 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 .5 0 0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING -5 -10 0 200 400 600 TIME, t (s) 800 1K .5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 OUTPUT CURRENT, I (A) O 3.5 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION, THD (%) 1 AV = -10 V OUT = 16VPP RL = 8 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, VSS (V) 3 HARMONIC DISTORTION 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 QUIESCENT CURRENT 125 100 75 50 25 0 CASE TEMPERATURE, TC (C) .1 .01 -25 .001 10 100 1K 10K 40K FREQUENCY, F (Hz) 5 -50 .7 .8 .9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, I Q (X) APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 * FAX (520) 888-3329 * ORDERS (520) 690-8601 * EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com 3 PA34 GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 "General Operating Considerations" which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexmicrotech.com for design tools that help automate tasks such as calculations for stability, internal power dissipation, current limit and heat sink selection. The "Application Notes" and "Technical Seminar" sections contain a wealth of information on specific types of applications. Package outlines, heat sinks, mounting hardware and other accessories are located in the "Packages and Accessories" section. Evaluation Kits are available for most Apex product models, consult the "Evaluation Kit" section for details. For the most current version of all Apex product data sheets, visit www.apexmicrotech.com. OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS allowing the output voltage to drop more than 6V below the supply rail while the amplifier is current limiting, the inductor should be capacitively coupled or the supply voltage must be lowered to meet SOA criteria. NOTE: For protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. MONOLITHIC AMPLIFIER STABILITY CONSIDERATIONS All monolithic power op amps use output stage topologies that present special stability problems. This is primarily due to non-complementary (both devices are NPN) output stages with a mismatch in gain and phase response for different polarities of output current. It is difficult for the op amp manufacturer to optimize compensation for all operating conditions. The recommended R-C network of 1 ohm in series with 0.1F from output to AC common (ground or a supply rail, with adequate bypass capacitors) will prevent local output stage oscillations. The amplifiers are internally compensated for unity gain stability, no additional compensation is required. CURRENT LIMIT Current limit is internal to the amplifier, the typical value is shown in the current limit specification. 4 OUTPUT CURRENT FROM +V S OR -VS (A) 3 2 DC 1 m s THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS 1 The PA34 may require a thermal washer which is electrically insulating since the tab is tied to -VS. This can result in thermal impedances for R CS of up to 1C/W or greater. VBOOST T C = 25C .1 1 2 3 4 56 10 20 30 40 50 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE V S -VO (V) - IN +IN +VS OUT SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The SOA curves combine the effect of all limits for this power op amp. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. The following guidelines may save extensive analytical efforts. Under transient conditions, capacitive and dynamic* inductive loads up to the following maximum are safe: Vs 20V 15V 10V 5V CAPACITIVE LOAD 200F 500F 5mF 50mF INDUCTIVE LOAD 7.5mH 25mH 35mH 150mH ISENSE RS - VS FIGURE 2. EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC ADDITIONAL PA34 PIN FUNCTIONS VBOOST The VBOOST pin is the positive terminal for the load of the second stage of the amplifier. When that terminal is connected to a voltage greater than +VS it will provide more drive to the upper output transistor, which is a darlington connected emitter follower. This will better saturate the output transistor. When VBOOST is about 5 Volts greater than +VS the positive output can swing 0.5 Volts closer to the rail. This is as much improvement as is possible. * If the inductive load is driven near steady state conditions, APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * 5980 NORTH SHANNON ROAD * TUCSON, ARIZONA 85741 * USA * APPLICATIONS HOTLINE: 1 (800) 546-2739 4 OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS PA34 Using this voltage as a feedback source allows expressing the gain of the circuit in amperes vs input voltage. The transfer funcion is approximately: CB1 5 +VS 20V DB1 7 3 10 DB2 IL= (VIN - VREF) *RIN/ RFB/ Rs In the illustration, resistors RIN, RFB and RS determine gain. CB2 8 SPEAKER +VS FIGURE 3. SIMPLE BOOTSTRAPPING IMPROVES POSITIVE OUTPUT SWING. CONNECT PINS 3 AND 10 TO VS IF NOT USED. TYPICAL CURRENTS ARE 12mA EACH. VBOOST pin requires approximately 10-12mA of current. Dynamically it represents 1K impedance. The maximum voltage that can be applied to VBOOST is 40 volts with respect to -VS . There is no limit to the difference between +VS and VBOOST. Figure 3 shows a bootstrap which dynamically couples the output waveform onto the VBOOST pin. This causes VBOOST to swing positive from it's initial value, which is equal to +VS -0.7 V (one diode drop), an amount equal to the output. In other words, if VBOOST was initially 19.3, and the output swings positive 18 Volts, the voltage on the VBOOST pin will swing to 19.3 -0.7 + 18 or 36.6. The capacitor needs to be sized based on a 1K impedance and the lowest frequency required by the circuit. For example, 20Hz will require > 8uF. VBIAS VIN B R RL A RFB RIN IL R C RS RS RIN RFB -VS OR GND VREF FIGURE 4. ISENSE TRANSCONDUCTANCE BRIDGING AMPLIFIER ISENSE The ISENSE pin is in series with the negative half of the output stage only. Current will flow through this pin only when negative current is being outputted. The current that flows in this pin is the same current that flows in the output (if -1A flows in the output, the ISENSE pin will have 1A of current flow, if +1A flows in the output the ISENSE pin will have 0 current flow). The resistor choice is arbitrary and is selected to provide whatever voltage drop the engineer desires, up to a maximum of 1.0 volt. However, any voltage dropped across the resistor will subract from the swing to rail. For instance, assume a +/-12 volt power supply and a load that requires +/-1A. With no current sense resistor the output could swing +/-10.2 volts. If a 1 resistor is used for current sense (which will drop 1 Volt at 1 Amp) then the output could swing +10.2, -9.2 Volts. Figure 4 shows the PA34 ISENSE feature being used to obtain a Transconductance function. In this example, amplifier "A" is the master and amplifier "B" is the slave. Feedback from sensing resistors RS is applied to the summing network and scaled to the inverting input of amplifier "A" where it is compared to the input voltage. The current sensing feedback imparts a Transconductance feature to the amplifiers transfer function. In other words, the voltage developed across the sensing resistors is directly proportional to the output current. VBIAS should be set midway between +Vs and -Vs, Vref is usually ground in dual supply systems or used for level translation in single supply systems. MOUNTING PRECAUTIONS 1. Always use a heat sink. Even unloaded, the PA34 can dissipate up to 3.6 watts. A thermal washer or thermal grease should always be used. 2. Avoid bending the leads. Such action can lead to internal damage. 3. Always fasten the tab to the heat sink before the leads are soldered to fixed terminals. 4. Strain relief must be provided if there is any probability of axial stress to the leads. This MICROTECHNOLOGY CORPORATION * TELEPHONE (520) 690-8600 * FAX (520) 888-3329 * ORDERS or omissions. All specifi EMAIL prodlit@apexmicrotech.com APEXdata sheet has been carefully checked and is believed to be reliable, however, no responsibility is assumed for possible inaccuracies (520) 690-8601 * cations are subject to change without notice. PA34U REV. 1 JANUARY 2001(c) 2001 Apex Microtechnology Corp. 5 |
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