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FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller August 2008 FAN100 Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Features Constant-Voltage (CV) and Constant-current (CC) Control without Secondary-feedback Circuitry Green Mode PWM Frequency Linearly Decreasing Fixed PWM Frequency at 42kHz with Frequency Hopping to Solve EMI Problem Low Startup Current: 10A Low Operating Current: 3.5mA Peak-Current-Mode Control in CV Mode Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limiting VDD Over-Voltage Protection with Auto-Restart VDD Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) Gate Output Maximum Voltage Clamped at 18V Fixed Over-temperature Protection with Latch SOP-8 Package Available Description This highly integrated PWM controller, FAN100, provides several features to enhance the performance of low-power flyback converters. The proprietary topology enables simplified circuit design for battery charger applications. A low-cost, smaller, and lighter charger results when compared to a conventional design or a linear transformer. The startup current is only 10A, which allows use of large startup resistance for further power saving. To minimize the standby power consumption, the proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease PWM frequency under light-load conditions. This green-mode function assists the power supply meeting the power conservation requirements. Using FAN100, a charger can be implemented with fewest external components and minimized cost. A typical output CV/CC characteristic envelope is shown in Figure 1. FAN100 controller is available in an 8-pin SOP package. Applications Battery chargers for cellular phones, cordless phones, PDA, digital cameras, power tools Replaces linear transformer and RCC SMPS Related Resources AN-6067 Design Guide for FAN100/102/FSEZ1016A/1216 Figure 1. Typical Output V-I Characteristic Ordering Information Part Number FAN100MY Operating Temperature Range -40C to +105C Eco Status Green Package 8-Lead, Small Outline Package (SOP-8) Packing Method Tape & Reel For Fairchild's definition of "green" Eco Status, please visit: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/company/green/rohs_green.html. (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Application Diagram Figure 2. Typical Application Internal Block Diagram VDD Brownout Protection Vsah Vsah IPK Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Marking Information F- Fairchild logo Z- Plant Code X- 1 digit year code Y- 1 digit week code TT: 2 digits die run code T: Package type (M=SOP) P: Z: Pb free, Y: Green package M: Manufacture flow code DXYTT ZXYTT FAN100 TPM Figure 4. Top Mark Pin Configuration CS GND COMI COMV GATE VDD GND VS Figure 5. Pin Configuration Pin Definitions Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Name CS GND COMI COMV VS GND VDD GATE Description Analog input, current sense. Connected to a current-sense resistor for peak-current-mode control in CV mode. The current-sense signal is also provided for output-current regulation in CC mode. Voltage reference, ground. Analog output, current compensation. Output of the current error amplifier. Connect a capacitor between COMI pin and GND for frequency compensation. Analog output, voltage compensation. Output of the voltage error amplifier. Connect a capacitor between COMV pin and GND for frequency compensation. Analog input, voltage sense. Output-voltage-sense input for output-voltage regulation. Voltage reference, ground. Supply, power supply. Driver output. The totem-pole output driver to drive the power MOSFET. (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol VVDD VVS VCS VCOMV VCOMI PD JA JC TJ TSTG TL ESD DC Supply Voltage VS Pin Input Voltage CS Pin Input Voltage Parameter (1,2) Min. -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 Max. 30 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 660 150 39 +150 Unit V V V V V mW C /W C /W C C C KV V Voltage Error Amplifier Output Voltage Voltage Error Amplifier Output Voltage Power Dissipation (TA50C) Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Air) Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case) Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Wave Soldering or IR, 10 Seconds) Electrostatic Capability, Human Body Model, JEDEC: JESD22-A114 Electrostatic Capability, Charged Device Model, JEDEC: JESD22-C101 -55 +150 +260 4.5 2000 Notes: 1. Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. 2. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to GND pin. Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol TA Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature Conditions Min. -40 Typ. Max. +105 Unit C (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 4 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics VDD=15V and TA=25C, unless otherwise specified. Symbol VDD SECTION VOP VDD-ON VDD-OFF IDD-OP Parameter Continuously Operating Voltage Turn-On Threshold Voltage Turn-Off Threshold Voltage Operating Current Green Mode Operating Supply Current VDD Over-Voltage Protection Level VDD Over-Voltage Protection Debounce Time Center Frequency Conditions Min. Typ. Max. 25 Units V V V mA 15 4.5 VDD=20V, fS=fOSC, VVS=2V, VCS=3V, CL=1nF VDD=20V, VVS=2.7V fS=fOSC-N-MIN, VCS=0V CL=1nF, VCOMV=0V VCS=3V, VVS=2.3V fS=fOSC, VVS=2.3V 27 100 16 5.0 3.5 17 5.5 5.0 IDD-GREEN VDD-OVP tD-VDDOVP 1 28 250 2 29 400 mA V s OSCILLATOR SECTION TA=25C TA=25C TA=25C VVS=2.7V, VCOMV=0V VVS=2.3V, VCS=0.5V VDD=10V to 25V TA=-40C to 85C 39 1.8 42 2.6 3 550 20 5 15 45 KHz 3.6 ms Hz KHz % % fOSC Frequency Frequency Hopping Range tFHR fOSC-N-MIN fOSC-CM-MIN fDV fDT Frequency Hopping Period Minimum Frequency at No Load Minimum Frequency at CCM Frequency Variation vs. VDD Deviation Frequency Variation vs. Temperature Deviation Sink Current for Brownout Protection IC Compensation Bias Current Adaptive Bias Voltage Dominated by VCOMV VOLTAGE-SENSE SECTION IVS-UVP Itc VBIAS-COMV RVS=20K 125 9.5 VCOMV=0V, TA=25C, RVS=20K A A V 1.4 Continued on following page... (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 5 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Electrical Characteristics (Continued) VDD=15V and TA=25C, unless otherwise specified. Symbol Parameter Propagation Delay to GATE Output Minimum On Time at No Load Minimum On Time in CC Mode Duty Cycle of SAW Limiter Threshold Voltage for Current Limit Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Current-Sense Section tPD tMIN-N tMINCC DSAW VTH 100 VVS=-0.8V, RS=2K, VCOMV=1V VVS=0V, VCOMV=2V 1100 400 40 1.3 200 ns ns ns % V Voltage-Error-Amplifier Section VVR VN VG IV-SINK IV-SOURCE VV-HGH VIR II-SINK II-SOURCE VI-HGH Reference Voltage Green Mode Starting Voltage on fS=fOSC-2KHz VVS=2.3V COMV Pin Green Mode Ending Voltage on COMV Pin Output Sink Current Output Source Current Output High Voltage Reference Voltage Output Sink Current Output Source Current Output High Voltage VCS=3V, VCOMI=2.5V VCS=0V, VCOMI=2.5V VCS=0V 4.5 fS=1KHz VVS=3V, VCOMV=2.5V VVS=2V, VCOMV=2.5V VVS=2.3V 4.5 2.475 2.500 55 55 2.525 2.475 2.500 2.8 0.8 90 90 2.525 V V V A A V V A A V Current-Error-Amplifier Section Gate Section DCYMAX VOL VOH VOH_MIN tr tf VCLAMP Maximum Duty Cycle Output Voltage Low Output Voltage High Output Voltage High Rising Time Falling Time Output Clamp Voltage VDD=20V, IO=10mA VDD=8V, IO=1mA VDD=5.5V, IO=1mA VDD=20V, CL=1nF VDD=20V, CL=1nF VDD=25V 5 4 200 80 15 300 150 18 75 1.5 % V V V ns ns V Over-Temperature-Protection Section TOTP Threshold Temperature for (3) OTP +140 o C Note: 3. When over-temperature protection is activated, the power system enters latch mode and output is disabled. (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 6 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Typical Performance Characteristics 17 5.5 16.6 5.3 VDD-OFF (V) -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 VDD-ON (V) 16.2 5.1 15.8 4.9 15.4 4.7 15 4.5 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 6. Turn-on Threshold Voltage (VDD-ON) vs. Temperature Figure 7. Turn-off Threshold Voltage (VDD-OFF) vs. Temperature 4 47 45 43 41 39 37 35 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 3.6 IDD-OP (mA) 3.2 2.8 2.4 2 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) fOSC (KHz) Temperature (C) Figure 8. Operating Current (IDD-OP) vs. Temperature Figure 9. Center Frequency (fOSC) vs. Temperature 2.525 2.525 2.515 2.515 VVR (V) 2.495 VIR (V) -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 2.505 2.505 2.495 2.485 2.485 2.475 2.475 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 10. Reference Voltage (VVR) vs. Temperature Figure 11. Reference Voltage (VIR) vs. Temperature (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 7 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Typical Performance Characteristics 600 23 22 580 fOSC-CM-MIN (KHz) -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 fOSC-N-MIN (Hz) 21 20 19 18 17 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 560 540 520 500 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 12. Minimum Frequency at No Load (fOSC-N-MIN) vs. Temperature Figure 13. Minimum Frequency at CCM (fOSC-CM-MIN) vs. Temperature 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 1250 1170 SG (kHz/V) tMIN-N (ns) 1090 1010 930 850 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 14. Green Mode Frequency Decreasing Rate (SG) vs. Temperature Figure 15. Minimum On Time at No Load (tMIN-N) vs. Temperature 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 1 0.8 VG (V) VN (V) 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 16. Green Mode Starting Voltage on COMV Pin (VN) vs. Temperature Figure 17. Green Mode Ending Voltage on COMV Pin (VG) vs. Temperature (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 8 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Typical Performance Characteristics 95 92 95 91 IV-SOURCE (A) -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 89 IV-SINK (A) 86 83 80 77 74 87 83 79 75 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 18. Output Sink Current (IV-SINK) vs. Temperature Figure 19. Output Source Current (IV-SOURCE) vs. Temperature 60 60 58 58 II-SOURCE (A) -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 II-SINK (A) 56 56 54 54 52 52 50 50 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Temperature (C) Figure 20. Output Sink Current (II-SINK) vs. Temperature Figure 21. Output Source Current (II-SOURCE) vs. Temperature 80 76 DCYMAX (%) 72 68 64 60 -40 -30 -15 0 25 50 75 85 100 125 Temperature (C) Figure 22. Maximum Duty Cycle (DCYMAX) vs. Temperature (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 9 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Functional Description The proprietary topology of FAN100 enables simplified circuit design for battery charger applications. Without secondary feedback circuitry, the CV and CC control are achieved accurately. As shown in Figure 23, with the frequency-hopping PWM operation, EMI problems can be solved by using minimized filter components. FAN100 also provides many protection functions. The VDD pin is equipped with over-voltage protection and with under-voltage lockout. Pulse-by-pulse current limiting and CC control ensure over-current protection at heavy loads. The GATE output is clamped at 15V to protect the external MOSFET from over-voltage damage. Internal over-temperature-protection function shuts down the controller with latch when over-heated. further power savings and meeting international power conservation requirements. Figure 24. Green Mode Frequency vs. VCOMV Constant Voltage (CV) and Constant Current (CC) Operation An innovative technique allows the FAN100 to accurately achieve CV/CC characteristic output without secondary side voltage or current-feedback circuitry. A feedback signal for CV/CC operation from the reflected voltage across the primary auxiliary winding is proportional to secondary winding, so it provides the controller the feedback signal from the secondary side and achieves constant voltage output property. In constant-current-output operation, this voltage signal is detected and examined by the precise constant current regulation controller, which then determines the on-time of the MOSFET to control input power and provide constant current output property. With feedback voltage VCS across current-sense resistor, the controller can obtain input power of power supply. Therefore, the region of constant current output operation can be adjusted by the current-sense resistor. Figure 23. Frequency Hopping Startup Current The startup current is 10A. Low startup current allows a startup resistor with a high resistance and a lowwattage to supply the startup power for the controller. A 1.5M, 0.25W, startup resistor and a 10F/25V VDD hold-up capacitor are sufficient for an AC-to-DC power adapter with a wide input range (100VAC to 240VAC) Operating Current The operating current has been reduced to 3.5mA. The low operating current results in higher efficiency and reduces the VDD hold-up capacitance requirement. Once FAN100 enters "deep" green mode, the operating current is reduced to 1.2mA, which assists the power supply meeting power conservation requirements. Temperature Compensation Built-in temperature compensation provides better constant voltage regulation at different ambient temperatures. This internal compensation current is a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) current that can compensate the forward-voltage drop of the secondary diode of varying with temperature. This variation causes output voltage rising at high temperature. Green Mode Operation Figure 24 shows the characteristics of the PWM frequency vs. the output voltage of the error amplifier (VCOMV). The FAN100 uses the positive, proportional, output load parameter (VCOMV) as an indication of the output load for modulating the PWM frequency. In heavy load conditions, the PWM frequency is fixed at 42KHz. Once VCOMV is lower than VN, the PWM frequency starts to linearly decrease from 42KHz to 550Hz, providing (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 10 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Leading-Edge Blanking (LEB) Each time the power MOSFET is switched on, a turn-on spike occurs at the sense resistor. To avoid premature termination of the switching pulse, a leading-edge blanking time is built in. Conventional RC filtering can be omitted. During this blanking period, the current-limit comparator is disabled and cannot switch off the gate driver. Built-in Slope Compensation The sensed voltage across the current-sense resistor is used for current-mode control and pulse-by-pulse current limiting. Built-in slope compensation improves stability and prevents sub-harmonic oscillations due to peak-current mode control. The FAN100 has a synchronized, positively-sloped ramp built-in at each switching cycle. Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO) The turn-on and turn-off thresholds are fixed internally at 16V and 5V. During start-up, the hold-up capacitor must be charged to 16V through the startup resistor to enable the FAN100. The hold-up capacitor continues to supply VDD until power can be delivered from the auxiliary winding of the main transformer. VDD must not drop below 5V during this startup process. This UVLO hysteresis window ensures that hold-up capacitor is adequate to supply VDD during start-up. Noise Immunity Noise from the current sense or the control signal can cause significant pulse-width jitter, particularly in continuous-conduction mode. While slope compensation helps alleviate these problems, further precautions should still be taken. Good placement and layout practices should be followed. Avoiding long PCB traces and component leads, locating compensation and filter components near the FAN100, and increasing the power MOS gate resistance are advised. VDD Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) VDD over-voltage protection prevents damage due to over-voltage conditions. When the voltage VDD exceeds 28V due to abnormal conditions, PWM pulses are disabled until the VDD voltage drops below the UVLO, then starts up again. Over-voltage conditions are usually caused by open feedback loops. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) The built-in temperature-sensing circuit to shut down PWM output once the junction temperature exceeds 140C. While PWM output is shut down, the VDD voltage gradually drops to the UVLO voltage. Some of the FAN100's internal circuits are shut down and VDD gradually starts increasing again. When VDD reaches 16V, all the internal circuits, including the temperature sensing circuit, start operating normally. If the junction temperature is still higher than 140C, the PWM controller shuts down immediately. This situation continues until the temperature drops below 110C. Gate Output The BiCMOS output stage is a fast totem pole gate driver. Cross conduction has been avoided to minimize heat dissipation, increase efficiency, and enhance reliability. The output driver is clamped by an internal 15V Zener diode to protect power MOSFET transistors against undesired over-voltage gate signals. (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 11 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Applications Information L R1 18R L 1 2 D1 1N4007 D3 1N4007 CR47R R6 D6 72 SB560 2 R5 270 3 4 1 1 C2 102P 1 P2 1 L1 5uH 2 +C3 560uF/10V +C4 330uF/6.3V P4 5 TR ANS33 6 R7 510 2 2 1 2 R2 750K + C5 1uF /400V 1 2 +C6 10uF/400V R3 750K R4 100K 1 IN4007 C1 472PF/1KV D5 2 T1 VO 2 D2 1N4007 N 1 2 1 D4 1N4007 1 1 L3 1mH N N3 2 2 SGND D7 1 FR103 2 C7 + 10uF/50V 1 R9 137K 2 U1 7 4 3 6 C8 0.1uF R10 47K C9 10nF R11 200K C10 68nF VDD COMV COMI GND FAN100 VS GATE CS GND 5 8 1 2 C12 22P R16 30K Q1 1 R13 47R R14 100R 3 R15 1R4 1N60 Figure 25. 5W (5V/1A) Application Circuit BOM Designator D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 D6 D7 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C12 R1 R2, R3 1N4007 SB560 FR103 CC 4.7nF/1KV 1nF EC 560F/10V EC 330F/6.3V EC 1F/400V EC 10F/400V EC 10F/50V 0.1F 10nF 68nF 22pF R 18 R 750K Part Type R4 R5 R6 R7 R9 R10 R11 R13 R14 R15 R16 L1 L3 Q1 T1 U1 Designator R 100K R 270 R 47 R 510 R 137K R 47K R 200K R 47 R 100 R 1.4 R 30K 5H 1mH 2 Part Type MOSFET 1A/600V EE16 (1.5mH) IC FAN100 (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 12 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller Physical Dimensions 5.00 4.80 3.81 8 5 A 0.65 B 6.20 5.80 4.00 3.80 1 4 1.75 5.60 PIN ONE INDICATOR (0.33) 1.27 0.25 M CBA 1.27 LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION 0.25 0.10 1.75 MAX C 0.10 0.51 0.33 0.50 x 45 0.25 C SEE DETAIL A 0.25 0.19 OPTION A - BEVEL EDGE R0.10 R0.10 GAGE PLANE 0.36 OPTION B - NO BEVEL EDGE NOTES: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED A) THIS PACKAGE CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-012, VARIATION AA, ISSUE C, B) ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C) DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR BURRS. D) LANDPATTERN STANDARD: SOIC127P600X175-8M. E) DRAWING FILENAME: M08AREV13 8 0 0.90 0.406 SEATING PLANE (1.04) DETAIL A SCALE: 2:1 Figure 26. 8-Lead, Small Outline Package (SOP-8) Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild's worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor's online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/. (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 13 FAN100 -- Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller (c) 2008 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN100 Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 14 |
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