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AIC1783A battery charge controller for low power charging features fast charge cont rol of ni mh/ni c d batterie s . fast cha r g e t e rminatio n by: , safety t i mer , maximum v o lt age. ?? v 0 v ? protectio n ag ainst battery v o lt age f ault. pu ls ed t r ic k l e c h ar ge mod e . quick an d ea sy t e sting for produ ction. 8-pi n dip or so package s. applications battery fas t chargers for: mo b ile ph on es . noteb o o k an d laptop pe rson al co mpu t ers. port abl e power t ool s and t o ys. port abl e co m m uni cation e quipm ent. port abl e v i de o & s t ereo equipm ent. description the aic178 3a fast charg e control l er ic is desi gne d for intelligent ch argi ng of nim h or nicd batterie s without the risk of ove r ch arg e . ? ? v detectio n (-0.25%) and 0 dete c tion (pe a k volt age timer) are the prima r y method s employe d by the aic17 83a to term inate fast cha r g e . the fast ch arge can also b e cut of f by maximum b a ttery volt age along with the safety timer to prevent cha r gin g unde r fault condition s of the cha r gi ng system o r the battery it self. v ? the safety timer p e rio d i s adj ust able for flexible usa ge that aic17 83a coul d be ap plied i n the wid e ran ge of b a ttery cap a city . t e st mod e is provid ed for charge r manufa c tures to dram atically red u ce produc tion tes t time. typical application circuit 2 c e lls + c1 47 f c2 4.7 f c3 0.1 f r7 1 00k r8 120k r5 220k r4 68 k r6 1 00k r1 0 68 0 le d 1 r9 200k q1 2s c 4672 r2 0.5 r1 68 0 d1 l l414 8 d2 ll 414 8 ref 1 ti m e r 2 mo d e 3 gn d 4 led 5 ico n 6 vb t 7 vc c 8 u1 a i c 178 3a v in =5 v r3 10 k d3 ll4 148 ni m h / n i c d *note: i char g e =380ma @v ba t =2. 8 v linear char ger for 2 cells nimh/ n icd batterie s a n a l o g in tegra t i ons c o rp orati o n 4f , 9 ind u str y e. 9th rd, science- based industria l park, hsinchu, t a iw an ds-1783ap-0 1 020404 tel: 886- 3-5772 500 f ax: 886-3- 5772 510 www .analog.com .tw 1
AIC1783A ordering information pa cki n g t y p e tr : ta p e & r e e l tb : tu b e pa ckag e t y p e n: pl ast i c di p s: s m al l out l i n e c: commerci al p: l e ad f r ee com m erci al (a v a ila b l e f o r p s o n ly ) pi n conf i g urat i on 1 3 2 8 6 7 4 5 re f ti m e r mod e gn d l e d vcc vb t ic o n e x am p l e: a i c 1 78 3 c s t r i n s o - 8 p a ckag e & tape & r eel p a cki ng ty pe ( c n i s not av ai l a bl e i n tr pa cki n g t y p e ) ai c1 7 8 3 p st r i n s o - 8 lea d fr ee p a ckage & ta pe & r e el p a cki ng ty pe a i c 17 83a xx xx t o p vi ew absolute maximum ratings supply v o lt age .......... ................ ..........??.......???? ............. ............. ............ .. 5.5v dc v o lt age a pplied o n any pin ................ ......?????........... ............... ............ 5.5v sink current of icon pin, led pin ............??????....... ..???.................. 20ma operating t e mperature range ............. ................ ............ ....???...... -40 c~ 85 c s t orage t e m perature rang e ................ ............. ............ ....????...... -65 c~ 1 5 0 c test circuit 2 + 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 a ic17 83 a le d ic o n vb t vc c ref tim e r mo d e gn d re d gr e e n 5v 68 0 68 0 s o urce v o lta g e 5v r tim e r 10 0k 12 0k 10 0k 5v -
AIC1783A electrical characteristics (t a =25 c, v cc =5v , unless oth e r w ise specifie d .) p a ramete r test con d i t i o n s symbol m in. typ . max. unit supply v o lt ag e v cc 4 . 5 5 . 0 5 . 5 v supply cu rre n t i cc 1 . 1 m a battery low during initial t i mer af ter initial t i mer 0.1 1 0.63 0.16 0.69 0.21 0.75 v o lt age prote c tion limit battery high v bt 2 . 6 2 . 7 2 . 8 0 v led, icon pins output imped ance on off 1 25 50 ? m ? mode pin 300 k ? input impeda nce vbt pin 1 m ? re comm end ed external re si stor of timer pin r timer 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 k ? ?? v det e ct ion a c c u r a cy vbt= 2 v - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 3 5 % 3
AIC1783A t y p ic al perfo rm anc e c h arac t e ri st ic s (t a =25 c, r timer = 1 00k ? , v cc =5v , refe r to t e s t circ uit) 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 0.84 0.90 0.96 1.02 1.08 su pp l y cu rren t ( ma ) v cc (v ) f i g. 1 su ppl y cur r en t vs . s upp l y v o lt age safet y ti m e r ( min ) v cc (v ) f i g. 2 saf e ty t i m e r vs . supply vo ltage 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5. 4 5.6 78.0 78.5 79.0 79.5 80.0 80.5 81.0 81.5 v cc (v ) f r eq uenc y ( h z ) f i g. 3 led f l a s hing f r equenc y vs . supp ly voltage 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5. 4 5.6 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 su pp l y cur r ent ( ma ) t e m p er atur e ( c) f i g. 4 supply cur r ent vs . t e m per atur e 0 20 40 60 80 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 t e m p e r atur e ( c) sa fe ty ti m e r (m i n ) f i g. 5 saf e ty t i m e r vs . t e m per a t ur e 0 20 40 60 80 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 fre q uenc y ( hz ) t e m p er atur e ( c) f i g. 6 l e d f l as hing f r e quenc y vs . t e m perature -20 0 20 40 60 80 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 4
AIC1783A 5 t y p ic al perfo rm anc e c h arac t e ri st ic s (continue d) t e m p e r atur e ( c) v bt (v ) f i g. 7 vbt ( h igh) l i m i t vs . t e m per a t ur e 0 20 40 60 80 2.60 2.64 2.68 2.72 2.76 2.80 t e m p e r atur e ( c) v bt (v ) fi g. 8 v bt ( low ) lim i t vs . t e m per a t ur e ( a f t er i n itial t i m e r ) 0 20 40 60 80 0. 64 0. 68 0. 72 0. 76 0. 80 0. 8 4 0 20 40 60 80 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 t e m p e r atur e ( c) v bt (v ) f i g. 9 vbt ( low) lim i t vs . t e m p er atur e ( d ur ing in itial t i m e r ) 0 20 40 60 80 21 24 27 30 33 t e m p e r atur e ( c) ou t p ut im p edanc e ( o ) f i g.1 0 o u tput im peda nc e vs . t e m per atur e (led, ic o n pins )
AIC1783A block diagram char ge contr o l state mac h ine re f ic o n le d vbt b a ttery v o l t age p r otecti on 13-bi t a/ d d i s pl ay co n t r o l un it c harge co n t r o l un it tim e r oscilla to r vc c gnd b andgap r e ference & v o l t age r egul ator mo d e mo d e se le ctio n b a ttery v o ltage p r otecti on s e tti ng pin 1: ref- refe ren c e voltage input, accepta b le voltage rang e : (v cc -1.4v) ~ (0.5v cc +0. 4 v ) pin 2: timer- dete rminin g the period of s a fety timer with an ex ternal re sisto r co nn ected to g n d. pin 3: mode - dete rminin g the mod e of ope ration for the aic178 3 a . pin 4: gnd- powe r groun d. pin 5: led- open -d rain ed output use d to indicate the battery cha r gin g status. pin 6: icon- open -d rain ed output, u s e d to cont rol the charging curre n t to the battery. pin 7: vbt- divided batte ry voltage in p u t to sen s e the b a ttery voltage. pin 8: vcc- powe r su pply input at 5v 10%. 6
AIC1783A application informations operati o n po w e r-on and batter y p r e-qualif y i n g whe n po we r is first ap pli ed to the aic17 83a, all intern al digit a l ci rcuit blo c ks of the a i c178 3a are re set by the intern al p o w e r-o n-re set circuit r y an d output led fl ash 3 times t o indi cate the initiation of power-on. t h e internal co nt rol unit then examines the battery co ndition throug h the vbt pin. the acce ptab le rang e of vbt pin is 0.16v to 2.7v. if the voltage of vbt pin fails to fall within th e pre determine d acceptabl e limits, th e AIC1783A enters a ch arge-su sp endi n g mode, in which all the internal c i rc uitry remains in reset s t ate. fast char ge after the battery passe s fault che c ks, fast cha r gin g begin s while initial timer and safety timer of the aic178 3a start cou n tin g . functio n s of ? ? v detectio n , pe ak voltag e timer, an d ma ximum battery voltage a r e, however, di sabled te mpo r arily until the initial timer perio d in the initial stage of a charge cycle elap se s. the initial timer pe riod is eq ual t o 1/80 of s a fety timer. since the low limit of acce p t able vbt voltage is only about 0.1 6 v durin g the i n itial timer p e rio d , even deeply di sch a rg ed batteri es can ea sily qualify to be fast cha r g ed sub s e que ntly. in the co urse of fast cha r g e , the aic1783 a con s tantly m onitors the v o ltage s at v b t pin. the f a st cha r ge pro c e s s is s w it ch ed t o t r ickl e cha r g e whe n any one of the following situation s is encounte r e d , whi c h a r e ex plaine d belo w : negativ e de lt a volt age ( ? ? v ) peak volt age timer ( 0 ) v ? maximum char ge time maximum batt e r y vo lt ag e - ? v cuto ff the aic178 3 a makes a voltage sa mpli ng at vbt pin eve r y 4 seco nd s when safety timer peri od i s set equal to 80 minute s . if a negative del ta voltage of 0.25% comp are d to its p eak val ue i s detect ed at vbt pin, the fast ch arge cy cle is te rmina t ed. 0 ? v c u to ff if the battery voltage stays at its p eak val ue o r decre ases ve ry slo w ly for the du ration determi ned by the pea k voltage tim e r whi c h i s 6% of safety timer, the fas t c h arge ac tion is terminated. maximum saf e t y t i mer c u t o ff the maximu m fast charg e period is d e termin ed by t he saf e t y timer, whi c h is set by a resi st o r c o nnec ted from timer pin to gnd. safety timer, ? ? v , samplin g rate will be l onge r if the re sisto r value i s larg er. when t h e value of the re si stor i s 100k ? , the safety timer p e rio d eq ual s 80 min u tes. after the s a f e ty timer period is finis h ed, the fas t c h ar ge a c tion is te r m in a t ed. maximum v o lt age cu toff the aic17 8 3 a guard s a g a inst the ma ximum limits for battery voltage duri ng fast cha r gi ng. if either of these limits is excee d e d , fast charge actio n is terminated. t r ickle ch ar ge the trickle charge after the fast ch arg e to prevent the loss of charge d ue to battery self-discha r gi ng. the duty cycl e is set to 1/1 28 by intern al circuitry. 7
AIC1783A the functio n s an d charging sta t es co ntro l mentioned above ar e illustrated in the f unction flow cha r t of AIC1783A (fi g . 12 ) desi gn guide ba tte r y v o lt a g e meas ure m ent the aic17 8 3 a measure s the batte ry voltage throu gh vbt pin, which is con n e c ted to battery positive termi nal thro ugh a resi sto r-divid er net wo rk, as sho w n in fig. 11. v ba t ra rb c5 4.7 p f 7 r5 10 0k c6 0. 1 p f a i c17 83a vb t + fig. 1 1 batter y v o lt age div i der the sugg est ed divide r re sista n ce of ra and rb for the co rre spondi ng num ber of battery cells a r e as bel ow: ta b l e 1 ba tter y cells ra/rb ra (k : ) r b (k : ) 2 ~ 4 2 2 4 0 1 2 0 3 ~ 6 3 . 3 3 0 0 9 1 4 ~ 8 4 . 9 3 0 0 6 2 5~1 0 6 . 4 3 0 0 4 7 6~1 2 7 . 8 3 1 0 3 9 8~1 6 1 0 . 8 3 9 0 3 6 setting the period of safe t y t i mer the aic17 8 3 a provid es a method for linearly adju s ting the peri od of saf e ty timer with an external re sisto r con n e cted from t i mer pin to gnd. the relatio n bet wee n saf e ty timer leng th and the external re si stor (r timer ) is sho w n in f i g. 13. the t able follo win g sh ows the re sisto r value s for som e of the commonly cho s en safety timer peri o d s . also sho w n i n the t able a r e thei r co rrespon di ng o scill ator frequ en cie s . 0 100 200 3 0 0 400 500 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 0 r tim e r (k : ) saf e ty t i m e r ( m i n .) fig. 13 safet y t i mer v s . r timer 8
AIC1783A po w e r o n le d f l a s h 3 t i m e s if vbt i n n o r m a l ra ng e l e d di sp l a y s a b n o r m al , icon on, s a fe ty tim e r r e s e t le d di s p l a y f a s t c h a r ge ( i con of f ) if s a fe ty tim e r p e ri o d ha s f i nishe d le d di s p l a y b a tte r y fu l l l , f a st ch ar ge fin i s h e d , t r i c kl e ch ar ge st a r t s b a tt er y re pl ace m en t no ye s if i n itial t i m e r fin i s h e d ye s cha r gi ng ( i con of f ) no if vbt i n n o r m a l ran g e ye s if 0 ' v i s de tecte d if -0. 2 5 % ' v is d e t e c t e d no ye s ye s ye s ye s no no no no fig. 12 fu nction flo w char t of aic1783 a 9
AIC1783A 10 ta b l e 2 r tmr (k : ) osc. freq. (kh z ) safety timer (min.) 1 1 2 5 6 1 0 2 3 1 3 1 2 0 4 8 6 5 . 8 4 0 7 4 4 3 . 1 6 0 1 0 0 3 2 . 8 8 0 1 5 2 2 1 . 6 1 2 0 2 0 6 1 6 . 0 1 6 0 3 1 4 1 0 . 6 2 5 0 4 9 1 6 . 8 9 3 8 0 6 6 7 5 . 0 4 5 2 0 selecting m ode of op er ation the aic17 8 3 a provide s three mo de s of operatio n: norm a l, test, and ac m ode dete r mi ned by the setting of mode pin. th e AIC1783A will ope rate norm a lly wh en the mode pin is lef t floating (a 0.1 p f cap a citor is reco mmend ed to be tied to mode pi n if the ch arge circuit works in a noi sy enviro n ment ). whe n the mode pi n is bia s e d to gnd, the fu nction of - ' v dete c tion is disa bled. whe n the mode pin is bia s ed to v cc , the aic178 3a en ters the test mode. the te st mode can be used to si gnifica ntly re duc e produ cti on test time. ta b l e 3 mode pin mode fun c tion vcc t e s t safety timer period scaled d o wn to 1/32 f l o a t i n g n o r m a l no rmal op era t i o n g n d a c - ' v detectio n disabl ed displa y the ba tte r y charging s t atus the aic178 3a provide s an open -d rai ned output, led pi n, to in dicate th e bat tery ch argi ng st atu s . the output s of led pin a r e sho w n in the follo wing t a ble: p o w e r on fast c h a r gi ng charg e compl e ted f ault cond itio ns l e d 1 h z 4hz f l ashin g o n o f f char ging cu rrent con t rol as sho w n i n the typica l appli c ation circuit, th e aic178 3a of fers an open -drai ned outp u t pin, icon pin, to control the charg i ng curre n t flow in fast cha r g e st ate and switch o n to inhibit the cha r gin g cu rre nt flow i n fault co nditi ons. whe n fa st ch arge is com p leted, th e aic17 83a enters the t r i ckl e cha r ge mode. in trickle ch arg e mode, the icon pin output swit che s with 1/128 duty cycle. p o w e r on fast c h a r gi ng charg e compl e ted f ault cond itio ns icon o n o f f 1 / 1 2 8 dut y c y cle on
AIC1783A 11 application example re f 1 tim e r 2 mode 3 gn d 4 led 5 ic o n 6 vb t 7 vc c 8 u2 ai c 1 7 83a c4 0. 1 f c1 1 f c3 0. 1 f c7 4 70p c1 0 47 nf rs 0. 5/ 0 . 25w dc 1 de 2 cf 3 gn d 4 fb 5 vc c 6 is 7 b oos t 8 u3 ai c 156 3 + c8 220 f r9 39 0k l1 22 0 h r1 1k d2 ss24 d1 ss 2 4 + c2 220 f ba t1 **b a t t e r y + c5 1 f + c6 10 f r3 100 k r4 120 k q1 mmb t 2 2 2 2 a r5 12 0k + c9 4. 7 f d4 i n 414 8 d3 1n 4 148 r1 0 12 0/ 0. 2 5 w r2 24 0k r1 1 10 0k vin r6 68 0 r7 47 k r8 10 k vin vo ut gnd u1 78l 05 led 1 re d r12 15 0 k 11 ~ 1 5 v **: 2~ 4 n i m h /n ic d c e lls n o te: c h a r ge c u r r e nt: 0 . 3v /r s am pe r e sa f e ty t i m e r : 12 0 m i n fig. 14 s w i t ching batte r y charger circuit w i th w i de input v o lt age range physical dimensions (unit: mm) 8 lead pl astic s o ( c s) (ps) s y m b o l m i n m a x a 1 . 3 5 1 . 7 5 a 1 0 . 1 0 0 . 2 5 b 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 1 c 0 . 1 9 0 . 2 5 d 4 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 e 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 e 1 . 2 7 ( t y p ) h 5 . 8 0 6 . 2 0 l 0 . 4 0 1 . 2 7 d h e a b a1 c e l
AIC1783A 12 z 8 lead pl astic di p (cn) s y m b o l m i n m a x a 1 0 . 3 8 1 ? a 2 2 . 9 2 4 . 9 6 b 0 . 3 5 0 . 5 6 c 0 . 2 0 0 . 3 6 d 9 . 0 1 1 0 . 1 6 e 7 . 6 2 8 . 2 6 e 1 6 . 0 9 7 . 1 2 e 2 . 5 4 ( t y p ) e b ? 1 0 . 9 2 b e l a2 a1 eb e c e1 d l 2 . 9 2 3 . 8 1 note: information provi ded b y aic is be lieved to be accurate and r e liabl e. ho w e ver , w e cannot assume responsibility fo r use of an y ci rc ui tr y other tha n circuitr y e n tirel y e m bo died in an aic pr oduct; nor f o r a n y infringemen t of p a tent s o r othe r right s of third p a r t ies that ma y res u lt from it s use. w e reserve the right to change t he cir c uitr y and specifications w i thout n o tice. life support policy : ai c does no t authorize an y aic product for us e in life suppo rt devices and/or sy stems. life s upport device s or sy stems ar e devices or sy stems w h ich, (i ) are int ended for sur g ic al implant into the bod y o r (ii) sup port or sust ain life, and w hose failure to perfo rm, w h en prope rl y used in accordance w i th instructions for use provided in t he labeli ng, can be reasonabl y e x pected to r e sult in a significant in jury to the user .

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