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may 2010 doc id 13106 rev 4 1/37 1 VN5E025AJ-E single channel high-side driver with analog current sense for automotive applications features general ? inrush current active management by power limitation ? very low stand-by current ? 3.0 v cmos compatible inputs ? optimized electromagnetic emissions ? very low electromag netic susceptibility ? in compliance with the 2002/95/ec european directive ? very low current sense leakage diagnostic functions ? proportional load current sense ? high current sense precision for wide currents range ? current sense disable ? off state openload detection ? output short to v cc detection ? overload and short to ground (power limitation) indication ? thermal shutdown indication protections ? undervoltage shutdown ? overvoltage clamp ? load current limitation ? self limiting of fast thermal transients ? protection against loss of ground and loss of v cc ? over-temperature shutdown with autorestart (thermal shutdown) ? reverse battery protected ? electrostatic discharge protection application all types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads suitable as led driver description the VN5E025AJ-E is a single channel high-side driver manufactured in the st proprietary vipower m0-5 technology and housed in the tiny powersso-12 package. the VN5E025AJ-E is designed to drive 12 v automotive grounded loads delivering protection, diagnostics and easy 3 v and 5 v cmos compatible interface with any microcontroller. the device integrates advanced protective functions such as load cu rrent limitatio n, inrush and overload active management by power limitation, over-temperature shut-off with auto- restart and over-voltage active clamp. a dedicated analog current sense pin is associated with every output channel in order to provide ehnanced diagnostic functions including fast detection of overload and short-circuit to ground through power limitation indication, over-temperature indication, short-circuit to v cc diagnosis and on- state and off-state open load detection. the current sensing and diagnostic feedback of the whole device can be disabled by pulling the cs_dis pin high to allow sharing of the external sense resistor with other similar devices max supply voltage v cc 41 v operating voltage range v cc 4.5 to 28 v max on-state resistance r on 25 m current limitation (typ) i limh 60 a off state supply current i s 2a (1) 1. typical value with all loads connected. powersso-12 www.st.com
contents VN5E025AJ-E 2/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 contents 1 block diagram and pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 absolue maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3 electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.4 waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.5 electrical characteristics curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3 application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1 gnd protection network against reverse battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1.1 solution 1: resistor in the ground line (rgnd only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3.1.2 solution 2: diode (d gnd ) in the ground line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.2 load dump protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.3 mcu i/o protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3.4 current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3.4.1 short to vcc and off state open load detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3.5 maximum demagnetization energy (vcc = 13.5v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 4 package and pc board thermal da ta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.1 powersso-12 thermal data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5 package and packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.1 ecopack? packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.2 powersso-12 mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3 packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 6 order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 7 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
VN5E025AJ-E list of tables doc id 13106 rev 4 3/37 list of tables table 1. pin function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 table 2. suggested connections for unused and not connected pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 table 3. absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 table 4. thermal data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 table 5. power section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 table 6. switching characteristics (vcc=13v, tj=25c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 table 7. logic inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 table 8. protection and diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 table 9. current sense (8v list of figures VN5E025AJ-E 4/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 list of figures figure 1. block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 figure 2. configuration diagram (top view) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 figure 3. current and voltage conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 figure 4. current sense delay characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 figure 5. openload off-state delay timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 figure 6. switching characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 figure 7. delay response time between rising edge of ouput current and rising edge of current sense (cs enabled) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 figure 8. output voltage drop limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 figure 9. i out / i sense vs i out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 10. maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 11. normal operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 figure 12. overload or short to gnd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 figure 13. intermittent overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 figure 14. off-state open load with external circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 figure 15. short to v cc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 figure 16. t j evolution in overload or short to gnd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 figure 17. off state output current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 18. high level input current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 19. input clamp level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 20. input low level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 21. input high level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 22. input hysteresis voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 figure 23. on state resistance vs tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 24. on state resistance vs vcc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 25. undervoltage shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 26. turn-on voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 27. ilimh vs tcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 28. turn-off voltage slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 figure 29. cs_dis high level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 figure 30. cs_dis clamp voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 figure 31. cs_dis low level voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 figure 32. application schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 figure 33. current sense and diagnostic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 figure 34. maximum turn off current versus inductance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 figure 35. powersso-12 pc board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 figure 36. rthj-amb vs pcb copper area in open box free air condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 figure 37. powersso-12 thermal impedance junction ambient single pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 figure 38. thermal fitting model of a single channel hsd in powersso-12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 figure 39. powersso-12 package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 figure 40. powersso-12 tube shipment (no suffix) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 figure 41. powersso-12 tape and reel shipment (suffix ?tr?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
VN5E025AJ-E block diagram and pin description doc id 13106 rev 4 5/37 1 block diagram and pin description figure 1. block diagram table 1. pin function name function v cc battery connection. output power output. gnd ground connection. must be reverse battery protected by an external diode / resistor network. input voltage controlled input pin with hyst eresis, cmos compatible. controls output switch state. current sense analog current sense pin, delivers a current proportional to the load current. cs_dis active high cmos compatible pin, to disable the current sense pin. v cc control & diagnostic logic driver v on limitation current limitation power clamp off state open load over temp. undervoltage v senseh current sense overload protection (active power limitation) in cs cs_ dis gnd out signal clamp
block diagram and pin description VN5E025AJ-E 6/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 figure 2. configurati on diagram (top view) table 2. suggested connections for unused and not connected pins connection / pin current sense n.c. output input cs_dis floating not allowed x x x x to ground through 1k resistor x through 22k resistor through 10k resistor through 10k resistor ta b = v cc output output output output output output 12 11 10 9 8 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 v cc v cc input current_sense gnd cs_dis
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 7/37 2 electrical specifications figure 3. current and voltage conventions note: v f = v out - v cc during reverse battery condition. 2.1 absolue maximum ratings stressing the device above the rating listed in the ?absolute maximum ratings? table may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operating sections of this specification is not implie d. exposure to the conditions in table below for extended periods may affect device reliability. refer al so to the stmicroelectronics sure program and other relevant quality document. i s i gnd v cc v cc v sense output i out current sense i sense input i in v in v out gnd cs_dis i csd v csd v f table 3. absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter value unit v cc dc supply voltage 41 v -v cc reverse dc supply voltage 0.3 v - i gnd dc reverse ground pin current 200 ma i out dc output current internally limited a - i out reverse dc output current 20 a i in dc input current -1 to 10 ma i csd dc current sense disable input current -1 to 10 ma -i csense dc reverse cs pin current 200 ma v csense current sense maximum voltage v cc -41 +v cc v v e max maximum switching energy (single pulse) (l=0.8mh; r l =0 ; v bat =13.5v; t jstart =150oc; i out = i liml (typ.) ) 140 mj
electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 8/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 2.2 thermal data v esd electrostatic discharge (human body model: r=1.5k ; c=100pf) - input - current sense - cs_dis - output - v cc 4000 2000 4000 5000 5000 v v v v v v esd charge device model (cdm-aec-q100-011) 750 v t j junction operating temperature -40 to 150 c t stg storage temperature -55 to 150 c table 3. absolute maximum ratings (continued) symbol parameter value unit table 4. thermal data symbol parameter max. value unit r thj-case thermal resistance junction-case 1.4 c/w r thj-amb thermal resistance junction-ambient see figure 36 c/w
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 9/37 2.3 electrical characteristics values specified in th is section are for 8v electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 10/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 table 7. logic inputs symbol parameter test conditions min. typ. max. unit v il input low level voltage 0.9 v i il low level input current v in = 0.9v 1 a v ih input high level voltage 2.1 v i ih high level input current v in = 2.1v 10 a v i(hyst) input hysteresis voltage 0.25 v v icl input clamp voltage i in = 1ma i in = -1ma 5.5 -0.7 7v v v csdl cs_dis low level voltage 0.9 v i csdl low level cs_dis current v csd = 0.9v 1 a v csdh cs_dis high level voltage 2.1 v i csdh high level cs_dis current v csd = 2.1v 10 a v csd(hyst) cs_dis hysteresis voltage 0.25 v v cscl cs_dis clamp voltage i csd =1ma i csd = -1ma 5.5 -0.7 7v v table 8. protection and diagnostics (1) 1. to ensure long term reliability under heavy overload or s hort circuit conditions, protection and related diagnostic signals must be used together with a pro per software strategy. if the device operates under abnormal conditions this software must limit the duration and number of activation cycles. symbol parameter test conditions min. typ. max. unit i limh dc short circuit current v cc = 13v 5v VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 11/37 table 9. current sense (8v electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 12/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 t dsense1h delay response time from falling edge of cs_dis pin v sense <4v, 0.5 VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 13/37 figure 4. current sense delay characteristics figure 5. openload off-state delay timing figure 6. switching characteristics sense current input load current cs_dis t dsense2h t dsense2l t dsense1l t dsense1h v in v cs t dstkon output stuck to v cc v out > v ol v senseh v out dv out /dt (on) t r 80% 10% t f dv out /dt (off) t d(off) t d(on) input t t 90% t won t woff
electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 14/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 figure 7. delay response time between ri sing edge of ouput current and rising edge of current sense (cs enabled) figure 8. output voltage drop limitation v in i out i sense i outmax i sensemax 90% i sensemax 90% i outmax t dsense2h t t t v on i out v cc -v out t j =150 o c t j =25 o c t j =-40 o c v on /r on(t)
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 15/37 figure 9. i out / i sense vs i out figure 10. maximum current sense ratio drift vs load current note: parameter guaranteed by design; it is not tested. 17 0 0 2200 2700 3200 3700 4200 2345 678910 i out (a) i out / i sense max tj = -40 c to 150 c max tj = 25 c to 150 c min tj = 25 c to 150 c min tj = -40 c to 150 c typical value -10 -5 0 5 10 2345678910 dk/k(%) i out (a)
electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 16/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 table 11. truth table conditions input output sense (v csd =0v) (1) 1. if the v csd is high, the sense output is at a high impedance, its potential depends on leakage currents and external circuit. normal operation l h l h 0 nominal overtemperature l h l l 0 v senseh undervoltage l h l l 0 0 overload h h x (no power limitation) cycling (power limitation) nominal v senseh short circuit to gnd (power limitation) l h l l 0 v senseh open load off state (with external pull-up) lhv senseh short circuit to v cc (external pull-up disconnected) l h h h v senseh < nominal negative output voltage clamp ll 0
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 17/37 table 12. electrical transient requirements iso 7637-2: 2004(e) test pulse test levels (1) 1. the above test levels must be considered referred to v cc = 13.5v except for pulse 5b. number of pulses or test times burst cycle/pulse repetition time delays and impedance iii iv min. max. 1 -75v -100v 5000 pulses 0.5s 5s 2 ms, 10 2a +37v +50v 5000 pulses 0.2s 5s 50s, 2 3a -100v -150v 1h 90ms 100ms 0.1s, 50 3b +75v +100v 1h 90ms 100ms 0.1s, 50 4 -6v -7v 1 pulse 100ms, 0.01 5b (2) 2. valid in case of external load dump clamp: 40v maximum referred to ground. +65v +87v 1 pulse 400ms, 2 iso 7637-2: 2004e test pulse test level results iii vi 1c c 2a c c 3a c c 3b c c 4c c 5b (2) cc class contents c all functions of the device performed as designed after exposure to disturbance. e one or more functions of the device did not perform as designed after exposure to disturbance and cannot be returned to proper operation without replacing the device.
electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 18/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 2.4 waveforms figure 11. normal operation figure 12. overload or short to gnd i out v sense v cs_dis input nominal load nominal load normal operation power limitation i limh > i liml > i out v sense v cs_dis input thermal cycling overload or short to gnd
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 19/37 figure 13. intermittent overload figure 14. off-state open load with external circuitry i out v sense v cs_dis input i limh > nominal load intermittent overload i liml > overload v senseh > input off-state open load with external circutry v ol i out v sense v cs_dis v out v out > v ol t dstk(on) v senseh >
electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 20/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 figure 15. short to v cc figure 16. t j evolution in overload or short to gnd t dstk(on) v out > v ol resistive short to v cc hard short to v cc short to v cc i out v cs_dis v out v ol t dstk(on) t tsd t r t j evolution in overload or short to gnd i limh > < i liml t j_start t hyst power limitation self-limitation of fast thermal transients input i out t j
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 21/37 2.5 electrical char acteristics curves figure 17. off state output current figure 18. high level input current -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 iloff (na) off state vcc=13v vin=vout=0v -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5 iih (a) vin=2.1v figure 19. input clamp level figure 20. input low level -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 6 6,2 6,4 6,6 6,8 7 vicl (v) lin=1ma -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2 vil (v) figure 21. input high level figure 22. input hysteresis voltage -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 vih (v) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1 vihyst (v)
electrical specifications VN5E025AJ-E 22/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 figure 23. on state resistance vs t case figure 24. on state resistance vs v cc -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 20 40 60 80 ron (mohm) iout= 3a vcc=13v 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 vcc (v) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 ron (mohm) tc=-40c tc=25c tc=125c tc=150c figure 25. undervoltage shutdown figure 26. turn-on voltage slope -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 vusd (v) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 (dvout/dt )on (v/ms) vcc=13v ri=4.3 ohm figure 27. i limh vs t case figure 28. turn-off voltage slope -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 40 50 60 70 80 ilimh (a) vcc=13v -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 (dvout/dt )off (v/ms) vcc=13v ri= 4.3 ohm
VN5E025AJ-E electrical specifications doc id 13106 rev 4 23/37 figure 29. cs_dis high level voltage figure 30. cs_dis clamp voltage -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5 4 vcsdh (v) -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 vcsdcl(v) iin = 1 ma figure 31. cs_dis low level voltage -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 tc (c) 0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 vcsdl (v)
application information VN5E025AJ-E 24/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 3 application information figure 32. application schematic 3.1 gnd protection network against reverse battery this section provides two solutions for implementing a ground protection network against reverse battery. 3.1.1 solution 1: resistor in the ground line (r gnd only) this can be used with any type of load. the following show how to dimension the r gnd resistor: 1. r gnd 600mv / (i s(on)max ) 2. r gnd (? v cc ) / (-i gnd ) where -i gnd is the dc reverse ground pin current and can be found in the absolute maximum rating section of the device datasheet. power dissipation in r gnd (when v cc <0 during reverse battery situations) is: p d = (-v cc ) 2 /r gnd this resistor can be shared amongst several different hsds. please note that the value of this resistor should be calculated with formula (1) where i s(on)max becomes the sum of the maximum on-state currents of the different devices. please note that, if the microprocessor ground is not shared by the device ground, then the r gnd produces a shift (i s(on)max * r gnd ) in the input thresholds and the status output v cc gnd output d gnd r gnd d ld cu +5v v gnd cs_dis iinput r prot r prot current sense r prot r sense c ext
VN5E025AJ-E application information doc id 13106 rev 4 25/37 values. this shift varies depending on how many devices are on in the case of several high side drivers sharing the same r gnd . if the calculated power dissipation requires the use of a large resistor, or several devices have to share the same resistor, then st suggests using solution 2 below. 3.1.2 solution 2: diode (d gnd ) in the ground line note that a resistor (r gnd =1k ) should be inserted in parallel to d gnd if the device drives an inductive load. this small signal diode can be safely shared amongst several different hsds. also in this case, the presence of the ground network produces a shift ( 600mv) in the input threshold and in the status output values if the microprocessor ground is not common to the device ground. this shift not varies if more than one hsd shares the same diode/resistor network. 3.2 load dump protection d ld is necessary (voltage transient suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds the v cc max dc rating. the same applies if the device is subject to transients on the v cc line that are greater than the ones shown in the iso 7637-2: 2004(e) table. 3.3 mcu i/o protection if a ground protection network is used and negative transients are present on the v cc line, the control pins are pulled negative. st suggests to insert a resistor (r prot ) in line to prevent the c i/o pins from latching up. the value of these resistors is a compromise between the leakage current of c and the current required by the hsd i/o s (input levels compatibility) with the latch-up limit of c i/os: -v ccpeak /i latchup r prot (v oh c -v ih -v gnd ) / i ihmax calculation example: for v ccpeak = - 100v and i latchup 20ma; v ohc 4.5v 5k r prot 180k recommended values: r prot =10k , c ext =10nf.
application information VN5E025AJ-E 26/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 3.4 current sense and diagnostic the current sense pin performs a double function (see figure 33: current sense and diagnostic ): current mirror of the load cu rrent in normal operation, delivering a current proportional to the load one according to a know ratio k x . the current i sense can be easily converted to a voltage v sense by means of an external resistor r sense . linearity between i out and v sense is ensured up to 5v minimum (see parameter v sense in table 9: current sense (8v VN5E025AJ-E application information doc id 13106 rev 4 27/37 3.4.1 short to v cc and off state open load detection short to v cc a short circuit between v cc and output is indicated by the relevant current sense pin set to v senseh during the device off state. small or no current is delivered by the current sense during the on state depending on the nature of the short circuit. off state open load with external circuitry detection of an open load in off mode requires an external pull-up resistor r pu connecting the output to a positive supply voltage v pu . it is preferable v pu to be switched off during the module stand-by mode in order to avoid the overall stand-by current consumption to increase in normal conditions, i.e. when load is connected. an external pull down resistor r pd connected between output and gnd is mandatory to avoid misdetection in case of floating outputs in off state (see figure 33: current sense and diagnostic ). r pd must be selected in order to ensure v out < v olmin unless pulled up by the external circuitry: r pd 22 k is recommended. for proper open load detection in off state, the external pull-up resistor must be selected according to the following formula: for the values of v olmin ,v olmax , i l(off2)r and i l(off2)f see table 10: openload detection (8v + ? ? ? ? = ?
application information VN5E025AJ-E 28/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 3.5 maximum demagnetization energy (v cc =13.5v) figure 34. maximum turn off current versus inductance note: values are generated with r l =0 . in case of repetitive pulses, t jstart (at beginning of each demagnetization) of every pulse must not exceed the temperature specified above for curves a and b. 1 10 100 0,1 1 10 100 l (mh) i (a) demagnetization demagnetization demagnetization t v in , i l c: t jstart = 125c repetitive pulse a: t jstart = 150c single pulse b: t jstart = 100c repetitive pulse a b c
VN5E025AJ-E package and pc board thermal data doc id 13106 rev 4 29/37 4 package and pc board thermal data 4.1 powersso-12 thermal data figure 35. powersso-12 pc board note: layout condition of r th and z th measurements (pcb: double layer, thermal vias, fr4 area= 77mm x 86mm, pcb thickness=1.6mm, cu thickness=70m (front and back side), copper areas: from minimum pad lay-out to 8cm 2 ). figure 36. r thj-amb vs pcb copper area in open box free air condition 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 0246810 rthj_amb(c/ w) pcb cu heatsink area (cm^ 2)
package and pc board thermal data VN5E025AJ-E 30/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 figure 37. powersso-12 thermal impe dance junction ambi ent single pulse figure 38. thermal fitting model of a single channel hsd in powersso-12 equation 1: pulse calculation formula: 0,1 1 10 100 0,0001 0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10 100 1000 time ( s) zth (c/ w) footprint 8 cm 2 2 cm 2 z th r th z thtp 1 ? () + ? = where t p t ? =
VN5E025AJ-E package and pc board thermal data doc id 13106 rev 4 31/37 table 13. thermal parameter area/island (cm 2 )footprint28 r1 (c/w) 0.3 r2 (c/w) 1.3 r3 (c/w) 4 r4 (c/w) 8 8 7 r5 (c/w) 22 15 10 r6 (c/w) 26 20 15 c1 (w.s/c) 0.001 c2 (w.s/c) 0.003 c3 (w.s/c) 0.05 c4 (w.s/c) 0.2 0.1 0.1 c5 (w.s/c) 0.27 0.8 1 c6 (w.s/c) 3 6 9
package and packing information VN5E025AJ-E 32/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 5 package and packing information 5.1 ecopack ? packages in order to meet environmental requirements, st offers these devices in ecopack ? packages. ecopack ? packages are lead-free. the category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with jedec standard jesd97. the maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ecopack is an st trademark. ecopack specifications are available at www.st.com. 5.2 powersso-12 mechanical data figure 39. powersso-12 package dimensions
VN5E025AJ-E package and packing information doc id 13106 rev 4 33/37 table 14. powersso-12 mechanical data dimension millimeters min. typ. max. a 1.250 1.620 a1 0.000 0.100 a2 1.100 1.650 b 0.230 0.410 c 0.190 0.250 d 4.800 5.000 e 3.800 4.000 e 0.800 h 5.800 6.200 h 0.250 0.500 l 0.400 1.270 k0o 8o x 1.900 2.500 y 3.600 4.200 ddd 0.100
package and packing information VN5E025AJ-E 34/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 5.3 packing information figure 40. powersso-12 tube shipment (no suffix) figure 41. powersso-12 tape and reel shipment (suffix ?tr?) all dimensions are in mm. base q.ty 100 bulk q.ty 2000 tube length ( 0.5) 532 a 1.85 b 6.75 c ( 0.1) 0.6 a c b base q.ty 2500 bulk q.ty 2500 a (max) 330 b (min) 1.5 c ( 0.2) 13 f 20.2 g (+ 2 / -0) 12.4 n (min) 60 t (max) 18.4 reel dimensions tape dimensions according to electronic industries association (eia) standard 481 rev. a, feb. 1986 all dimensions are in mm. tape width w 12 tape hole spacing p0 ( 0.1) 4 component spacing p 8 hole diameter d ( 0.05) 1.5 hole diameter d1 (min) 1.5 hole position f ( 0.1) 5.5 compartment depth k (max) 4.5 hole spacing p1 ( 0.1) 2 top cover tape end start no components no components components 500mm min 500mm min empty components pockets saled with cover tape. user direction of feed
VN5E025AJ-E order codes doc id 13106 rev 4 35/37 6 order codes table 15. device summary package order codes tube tape and reel powersso-12 root part number 2 vn5e025ajtr-e
revision history VN5E025AJ-E 36/37 doc id 13106 rev 4 7 revision history table 16. document revision history date revision changes 24-jan-2006 1 initial release. 15-jan-2007 2 reformatted. section 4.1 restructured. 01-apr-2008 3 document reformatted and restructured. changed max. operating voltage value from 36v to 28v. changed description on cover page. table 6.: switching charac teristics (vcc=13v, tj=25c) : added typical values. updated table 9.: current sense (8v VN5E025AJ-E doc id 13106 rev 4 37/37 please read carefully: information in this document is provided solely in connection with st products. stmicroelectronics nv and its subsidiaries (?st ?) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described he rein at any time, without notice. all st products are sold pursuant to st?s terms and conditions of sale. purchasers are solely responsible for the choice, selection and use of the st products and services described herein, and st as sumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice, selection or use of the st products and services described herein. no license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document. i f any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by st for the use of such third party products or services, or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoev er of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein. unless otherwise set forth in st?s terms and conditions of sale st disclaims any express or implied warranty with respect to the use and/or sale of st products including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a parti cular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction), or infringement of any patent, copyright or other intellectual property right. unless expressly approved in writing by an authorized st representative, st products are not recommended, authorized or warranted for use in military , air craft, space, life saving, or life sustaining applications, nor in products or systems where failure or malfunction may result in personal injury, death, or severe property or environmental damage. st products which are not specified as "automotive grade" may only be used in automotive applications at user?s own risk. resale of st products with provisions different from the statements and/or technical features set forth in this document shall immediately void any warranty granted by st for the st product or service described herein and shall not create or extend in any manner whatsoev er, any liability of st. st and the st logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of st in various countries. information in this document supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. the st logo is a registered trademark of stmicroelectronics. all other names are the property of their respective owners. ? 2010 stmicroelectronics - all rights reserved stmicroelectronics group of companies australia - belgium - brazil - canada - china - czech republic - finland - france - germany - hong kong - india - israel - ital y - japan - malaysia - malta - morocco - philippines - singapore - spain - sweden - switzerland - united kingdom - united states of america www.st.com

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