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1 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 general description the aat1141 switchreg is a 2mhz step-down converter with an input voltage range of 2.7v to 5.5v and output voltage as low as 0.6v. it is optimized to react quickly to a load variation. the aat1141 is available in fixed voltage versions with internal feedback and a programmable version with external feedback resistors. it can deliver 600ma of load current while maintaining a low 35 a no load quiescent current. the 2mhz switching frequency minimizes the size of external components while keeping switching losses low. the aat1141 is designed to maintain high efficiency throughout the operating range, which is critical for por- table applications. the aat1141 is available in a pb-free sot23-5 package and is rated over the -40c to +85c temperature range. features ? v in range: 2.7v to 5.5v ? v out fixed or adjustable from 0.6v to v in ? 35 a no load quiescent current ? up to 98% efficiency ? 600ma max output current ? 2mhz switching frequency ? 150 s soft start ? fast load transient ? over-temperature protection ? current limit protection ? 100% duty cycle low-dropout operation ? <1 a shutdown current ? sot23-5 package ? temperature range: -40c to +85c applications ? cellular phones ? digital cameras ? handheld instruments ? microprocessor / dsp core / io power ? pdas and handheld computers ? usb devices typical application (fixed output voltage) 4.7h l1 4.7f c1 4.7f c2 en out in lx gnd aat1141 u1 v in v out
2 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 pin descriptions pin # symbol function 1 in input supply voltage for the converter. 2 gnd ground pin. connect to the output and input capacitor return. 3 en enable pin. 4 out feedback input pin. this pin is connected either directly to the converter output or to an external resistive divider for an adjustable output. 5lx switching node. connect the inductor to this pin. it is internally connected to the drains of both high- and low-side mosfets. pin configuration sot23-5 (top view) gnd lx out en in 1 2 3 4 5
3 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 absolute maximum ratings 1 symbol description value units v in input voltage to gnd 6.0 v v lx lx to gnd -0.3 to v in + 0.3 v v out out to gnd -0.3 to v in + 0.3 v v en en to gnd -0.3 to 6.0 v t j operating junction temperature range -40 to 150 c t s storage temperature range -65 to 150 c t lead maximum soldering temperature (at leads, 10 sec) 300 c thermal information symbol description value units p d maximum power dissipation 2, 3 667 mw ja thermal resistance 2 150 c/w 1. stresses above those listed in absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. functional operation at c onditions other than the operating conditions specified is not implied. only one absolute maximum rating should be applied at any one time. 2. mounted on an fr4 board. 3. derate 6.67mw/c above 25c.
4 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 electrical characteristics 1 t a = -40c to +85c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are t a = 25c, v in = 3.6v. symbol description conditions min typ max units step-down converter v in input voltage 2.7 5.5 v v uvlo uvlo threshold v in rising 2.7 v hysteresis 100 mv v in falling 1.8 v v out output voltage tolerance i out = 0 to 600ma, v in = 2.7v to 5.5v -3.5 +3.5 % v out output voltage range 0.6 v in v i q quiescent current no load, 0.6v adjustable version 35 70 a i shdn shutdown current en = agnd = pgnd 1.0 a i lim p-channel current limit 800 ma r ds(on)h high side switch on resistance 0.35 ? r ds(on)l low side switch on resistance 0.30 ? i lxleak lx leakage current v in = 5.5v, v lx = 0 to v in , en = gnd 1 a ? v linereg line regulation v in = 2.7v to 5.5v 0.1 %/v v out out threshold voltage accuracy 0.6v output, no load, t a = 25c 588 600 612 mv i out out leakage current 0.6v output 0.2 a r out out impedance >0.6v output 250 k ? t s start-up time from enable to output regulation 150 s f osc oscillator frequency t a = 25c 1.2 2.0 2.6 mhz t sd over-temperature shutdown threshold 140 c t hys over-temperature shutdown hysteresis 15 c en v en(l) enable threshold low 0.6 v v en(h) enable threshold high 1.4 v i en input low current v in = v out = 5.5v -1.0 1.0 a 1. the aat1141 is guaranteed to meet performance specifications over the -40c to +85c operating temperature range and is assu red by design, characterization, and correla- tion with statistical process controls.
5 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 typical characteristics efficiency vs. load (v out = 3.3v; l = 6.8 h) output current (ma) efficiency (%) 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.1 1 10 100 1000 v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v v in = 5.0v dc regulation (v out = 3.3v; l = 6.8h) output current (ma) output error (%) -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 60 0 v in = 4.2v v in = 5.0v v in = 5.5v efficiency vs. load (v out = 2.5v; l = 6.8 h) output current (ma) efficiency (%) 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.1 1 10 100 1000 v in = 5.0v v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v v in = 2.7v dc regulation (v out = 2.5v; l = 6.8h) output current (ma) output error (%) -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 v in = 3.0v v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v v in = 5.0v efficiency vs. load (v out = 1.8v; l = 4.7 h) output current (ma) efficiency (%) 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.1 1 10 100 100 0 v in = 2.7v v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v dc regulation (v out = 1.8v; l = 4.7h) output current (ma) output error (%) -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 60 0 v in = 2.7v v in = 3.6v v in = 4.2v
6 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 typical characteristics soft start (v in = 3.6v; v out = 1.8v; load = 3 ; c ff = 100pf) time (100s/div) v out (2v/div) en (2v/div) i in (200ma/div) 0ma 0v 0v line regulation (v out = 1.8v) input voltage (v) output voltage (v) 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 i out = 10ma i out = 600ma output voltage error vs. temperature (v in = 3.6v; v o = 1.8v; i out = 400ma) temperature ( c) -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 output error (%) switching frequency vs. temperature (v in = 3.6v; v out = 1.8v) temperature ( c) frequency variation (%) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -10.00 -8.00 -6.00 -4.00 -2.00 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 frequency vs. input voltage input voltage (v) frequency variation (%) -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5. 5 v out = 1.8v v out = 2.5v v out = 3.3v no load quiescent current vs. input voltage (v out = 3.0v, l = 6.8h) input voltage (v) supply current (a) 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.3 t a = 85 c t a = 25 c t a = -40 c
7 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 typical characteristics no load quiescent current vs. input voltage (v out = 1.8v, l = 4.7h) input voltage (v) supply current (ma) 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 t a = 85 c t a = 25 c t a = -40 c no load quiescent current vs. input voltage (v out = 1.2v, l = 2.2h) input voltage (v) supply current (ma) 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 t a = 85 c t a = -40 c t a = 25 c p-channel r ds(on) vs. input voltage input voltage (v) r ds(on)h (m ) 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 85c 25c -40c n-channel r ds(on) vs. input voltage input voltage (v) r ds(on)l (m ) 2.7 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.5 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 85c 25c -40c step-down converter load transient response (1ma to 300ma; v in = 3.6v; v out = 1.8v; c out = 4.7f; c ff = 100pf) time (40s/div) v out (100mv/div) i out (100ma/div) 300ma 1ma 1.8v step-down converter load transient response (300ma to 400ma; v in = 3.6v; v out = 1.8v; c out = 4.7f; c ff = 100pf) time (40s/div) v out (50mv/div) i out (100ma/div) 400ma 300ma 1.8v
8 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 typical characteristics step-down converter load transient response (1ma to 300ma; v in = 3.6v; v out = 1.0v; c out = 10f; c ff = 0pf) time (40s/div) v out (100mv/div) i out (100ma/div) 300ma 1.0v 1ma step-down converter load transient response (300ma to 400ma; v in = 3.6v; v out = 1.0v; c out = 10f; c ff = 0pf) time (40s/div) v out (50mv/div) i out (100ma/div) 400ma 1.0v 300ma line response (v out = 1.8v @ 400ma) output voltage (top) (v) input voltage (bottom) (v) time (25 s/div) 1.76 1.77 1.78 1.79 1.80 1.81 1.82 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 step-down converter output ripple (v out = 1.8v; v in = 3.6v; i out = 1ma; l = 4.7h; c ff = 100pf; c out = 4.7f) time (10s/div) output ripple (20mv/div) lx (2v/div) inductor current (100ma/div) 0ma 1.8v 1.8v step-down converter output ripple (v out = 1.8v; v in = 3.6v; i out = 600ma; l = 4.7h; c ff = 100pf; c out = 4.7f) time (0.5s/div) output ripple (20mv/div) lx (2v/div) inductor current (100ma/div) 600ma 0v 1.8v
9 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 functional description the aat1141 is a high performance 600ma 2mhz mono- lithic step-down converter. it has been designed with the goal of minimizing external component size and optimiz- ing efficiency over the complete load range. apart from the small bypass input capacitor, only a small l-c filter is required at the output. typically, a 4.7 h inductor and a 4.7 f ceramic capacitor are recommended (see table of values). the fixed output version requires only three external power components (c in , c out , and l). the adjustable ver- sion can be programmed with external feedback to any voltage, ranging from 0.6v to the input voltage. an addi- tional feed-forward capacitor can also be added to the external feedback to provide improved transient response (see figure 1). at dropout, the converter duty cycle increases to 100% and the output voltage tracks the input voltage minus the r ds(on) drop of the p-channel high-side mosfet. the input voltage range is 2.7v to 5.5v. the converter efficiency has been optimized for all load conditions, ranging from no load to 600ma. the internal error amplifier and compensation provides excellent transient response, load, and line regulation. soft start eliminates any output voltage overshoot when the enable or the input voltage is applied. functional block diagram en lx err . amp logic dh dl gnd in out voltage reference input see note note: for adjustable version, the internal feedback divider is omitted and the out pin is tied directly to the internal error amplifier.
10 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 control loop the aat1141 is a peak current mode step-down con- verter. the current through the p-channel mosfet (high side) is sensed for current loop control, as well as short circuit and overload protection. a fixed slope compensa- tion signal is added to the sensed current to maintain stability for duty cycles greater than 50%. the peak cur- rent mode loop appears as a voltage-programmed cur- rent source in parallel with the output capacitor. the output of the voltage error amplifier programs the current mode loop for the necessary peak switch current to force a constant output voltage for all load and line conditions. internal loop compensation terminates the transconductance voltage error amplifier output. for fixed voltage versions, the error amplifier reference volt- age is internally set to program the converter output voltage. for the adjustable output, the error amplifier reference is fixed at 0.6v. soft start / enable soft start limits the current surge seen at the input and eliminates output voltage overshoot. when pulled low, the enable input forces the aat1141 into a low-power, non-switching state. the total input current during shut- down is less than 1 a. current limit and over-temperature protection for overload conditions, the peak input current is limit- ed. to minimize power dissipation and stresses under current limit and short-circuit conditions, switching is terminated after entering current limit for a series of pulses. switching is terminated for seven consecutive clock cycles after a current limit has been sensed for a series of four consecutive clock cycles. thermal protection completely disables switching when internal dissipation becomes excessive. the junction over-temperature threshold is 140c with 15c of hys- teresis. once an over-temperature or over-current fault condition is removed, the output voltage automatically recovers. under-voltage lockout internal bias of all circuits is controlled via the in input. under-voltage lockout (uvlo) guarantees sufficient v in bias and proper operation of all internal circuitry prior to activation. in 1 lx 5 gnd 2 en 3 out 4 u1 1 2 3 c1 4.7f l1 4.7h sw v out aat1141 c2 4.7f c3 100pf r1 118k r2 59k v in enable figure 1: enhanced transient response schematic.
11 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 applications information inductor selection the step-down converter uses peak current mode con- trol with slope compensation to maintain stability for duty cycles greater than 50%. the output inductor value must be selected so the inductor current down slope meets the internal slope compensation require- ments. the internal slope compensation for the adjust- able and low-voltage fixed versions of the aat1141 is 0.24a/ sec. this equates to a slope compensation that is 75% of the inductor current down slope for a 1.5v output and 4.7 h inductor. 0.75 v o m = = = 0.24 l 0.75 1.5v 4.7h a s this is the internal slope compensation for the adjust- able (0.6v) version or low-voltage fixed versions. when externally programming the 0.6v version to 2.5v, the calculated inductance is 7.5 h. 0.75 v o l = = 3 v o = 3 2.5v = 7.5h m 0.75 v o 0.24 s a s a a s in this case, a standard 6.8 h value is selected. for high-voltage fixed versions ( ? 2.5v), m = 0.48a/ sec. table 1 displays inductor values for the aat1141 fixed and adjustable options. manufacturer's specifications list both the inductor dc current rating, which is a thermal limitation, and the peak current rating, which is determined by the satura- tion characteristics. the inductor should not show any appreciable saturation under normal load conditions. some inductors may meet the peak and average current ratings yet result in excessive losses due to a high dcr. always consider the losses associated with the dcr and its effect on the total converter efficiency when selecting an inductor. output voltage (v) inductor ( h) output capacitor ( f) 1, 1.2 2.2 10 1.5, 1.8 4.7 4.7 2.5, 3.3 6.8 4.7 table 1: inductor and output capacitor values. the 4.7 h cdrh2d14 series inductor selected from sumida has a 135m typical dcr and a 1a dc current rating. at full load, the inductor dc loss is 48mw which gives a 4.5% loss in efficiency for a 600ma, 1.8v out- put. input capacitor select a 4.7 f to 10 f x7r or x5r ceramic capacitor for the input. to estimate the required input capacitor size, determine the acceptable input ripple level (v pp ) and solve for c. the calculated value varies with input volt- age and is a maximum when v in is double the output voltage. ?? 1 - ?? v o v in c in = v o v in ?? - esr f s ?? v pp i o ?? 1 - = for v in = 2 v o ?? v o v in v o v in 1 4 c in(min) = 1 ?? - esr 4 f s ?? v pp i o always examine the ceramic capacitor dc voltage coef- ficient characteristics when selecting the proper value. for example, the capacitance of a 10 f, 6.3v, x5r ceramic capacitor with 5.0v dc applied is actually about 6 f. the maximum input capacitor rms current is: ?? i rms = i o 1 - ?? v o v in v o v in the input capacitor rms ripple current varies with the input and output voltage and will always be less than or equal to half of the total dc load current. ?? 1 - = d (1 - d) = 0.5 2 = ?? v o v in v o v in 1 2 for v in = 2 v o i o rms(max) i 2 = the term ?? 1 - ?? v o v in v o v in appears in both the input voltage ripple and input capacitor rms current equations and is a maximum when v o is twice v in . this is why the input voltage ripple and the input capacitor rms current ripple are a maximum at 50% duty cycle.
12 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 the input capacitor provides a low impedance loop for the edges of pulsed current drawn by the aat1141. low esr/esl x7r and x5r ceramic capacitors are ideal for this function. to minimize stray inductance, the capacitor should be placed as closely as possible to the ic. this keeps the high frequency content of the input current localized, minimizing emi and input voltage ripple. the proper placement of the input capacitor (c2) can be seen in the evaluation board layout in figure 2. a laboratory test set-up typically consists of two long wires running from the bench power supply to the evalu- ation board input voltage pins. the inductance of these wires, along with the low-esr ceramic input capacitor, can create a high q network that may affect converter performance. this problem often becomes apparent in the form of excessive ringing in the output voltage dur- ing load transients. errors in the loop phase and gain measurements can also result. figure 2: aat1141 sample layout figure 3: exploded view of sample layout. top side. figure 4: aat1141 sample layout bottom side.
13 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 since the inductance of a short pcb trace feeding the input voltage is significantly lower than the power leads from the bench power supply, most applications do not exhibit this problem. in applications where the input power source lead induc- tance cannot be reduced to a level that does not affect the converter performance, a high esr tantalum or alu- minum electrolytic should be placed in parallel with the low esr, esl bypass ceramic. this dampens the high q network and stabilizes the system. output capacitor the output capacitor limits the output ripple and pro- vides holdup during large load transitions. a 4.7 f to 10 f x5r or x7r ceramic capacitor typically provides sufficient bulk capacitance to stabilize the output during large load transitions and has the esr and esl charac- teristics necessary for low output ripple. the output voltage droop due to a load transient is dominated by the capacitance of the ceramic output capacitor. during a step increase in load current, the ceramic output capacitor alone supplies the load current until the loop responds. within two or three switching cycles, the loop responds and the inductor current increases to match the load current demand. the rela- tionship of the output voltage droop during the three switching cycles to the output capacitance can be esti- mated by: c out = 3 i load v droop f s once the average inductor current increases to the dc load level, the output voltage recovers. the above equa- tion establishes a limit on the minimum value for the output capacitor with respect to load transients. the internal voltage loop compensation also limits the minimum output capacitor value to 4.7 f. this is due to its effect on the loop crossover frequency (bandwidth), phase margin, and gain margin. increased output capac- itance will reduce the crossover frequency with greater phase margin. the maximum output capacitor rms ripple current is given by: 1 23 v out (v in(max) - v out ) rms(max) i l f v in(max) = dissipation due to the rms current in the ceramic output capacitor esr is typically minimal, resulting in less than a few degrees rise in hot-spot temperature. adjustable output resistor selection for applications requiring an adjustable output voltage, the 0.6v version can be externally programmed. resistors r1 and r2 of figure 5 program the output to regulate at a voltage higher than 0.6v. to limit the bias current required for the external feedback resistor string while maintaining good noise immunity, the minimum sug- gested value for r2 is 59k ? . although a larger value will further reduce quiescent current, it will also increase the impedance of the feedback node, making it more sensi- tive to external noise and interference. table 2 summa- rizes the resistor values for various output voltages with r2 set to either 59k ? for good noise immunity or 316k ? for reduced no load input current. ?? ?? r1 = -1 r2 = - 1 59k = 88.5k v out v ref ?? ?? 1.5v 0.6v the adjustable version of the aat1141, combined with an external feedforward capacitor (c3 in figure 1), delivers enhanced transient response for extreme pulsed load applications. the addition of the feedforward capac- itor typically requires a larger output capacitor c1 for stability. v out (v) high noise immunity r2 = 59k ? r1 (k ? ) low input current (without load) r2 = 316k ? r1 (k ? ) 0.8 19.6 105 0.9 29.4 158 1.0 39.2 210 1.1 49.9 267 1.2 59.0 316 1.3 68.1 365 1.4 78.7 422 1.5 88.7 475 1.8 88.7 634 2.0 137 732 2.5 187 1000 3.0 237 1270 3.3 267 1430 table 2: adjustable resistor values for use with 0.6v step-down converter.
14 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 thermal calculations there are three types of losses associated with the aat1141 step-down converter: switching losses, con- duction losses, and quiescent current losses. conduction losses are associated with the r ds(on) characteristics of the power output switching devices. switching losses are dominated by the gate charge of the power output switching devices. at full load, assuming continuous con- duction mode (ccm), a simplified form of the ldo losses is given by: p total i o 2 (r dson(hs) v o + r dson(ls) [v in - v o ]) v in = + (t sw f i o + i q ) v in i q is the step-down converter quiescent current. the term t sw is used to estimate the full load step-down con- verter switching losses. for the condition where the step-down converter is in dropout at 100% duty cycle, the total device dissipation reduces to: p total = i o 2 r dson(hs) + i q v in since r ds(on) , quiescent current, and switching losses all vary with input voltage, the total losses should be inves- tigated over the complete input voltage range. given the total losses, the maximum junction tempera- ture can be derived from the ? ja for the sot23-5 pack- age which is 150c/w. t j(max) = p total ja + t amb output dropout at dropout, the duty cycle of aat1141 switching is 100%. the minimum dropout voltage is determined by r ds(on)h and the inductor copper loss resistor. aat1141 has 0.35 r ds(on)h . the inductor copper loss resistor var- ies with different inductor values and manufacturer. the safe dropout voltage is 0.5v for a 600ma load. for example, when load current is 600ma, the voltage dropped across r ds(on)h is 0.21v; if the inductor copper loss resistor is 135m , the voltage drop across the inductor is 0.08v. so the total voltage drop is 0.29v. considering manufacturer?s tolerances, the inductor cop- per loss resistor and r ds(on)h will vary from part to part, a 0.4v dropout window is safe. in 1 lx 5 gnd 2 en 3 out 4 u1 1 2 3 c1 4. 7f l1 4.7h sw v = 1.8v out aat1141 c2 4.7f c3 100pf r1 634k r2 316k v in enable figure 5: aat1141 adjustable evaluation board schematic.
15 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 efficiency besides the aat1141 device losses including switching losses, conduction losses, and quiescent current losses, the inductor copper loss also affects the efficiency of the buck converter. to the buck converter, the average cur- rent of the inductor is equal to output current i o . so the loss in the inductor is: p loss_l = i o 2 r l table 4 shows some recommended inductors. a larger size inductor usually has lower dcr. for example, if selecting cdrh2d14 4.7 h for 1.8v output, the p loss_l is 48.6mw when the output current is 600ma, so the inductor loses 4.5% power; if selecting cdrh3d23 4.7 h, the p loss_l should be 19.8mw, and the inductor power loss ratio is only 1.8%. the inductor size and the buck converter efficiency is always a trade-off in the real application. layout the suggested 2-layer pcb layout for the aat1141 is shown in figures 2, 3 and 4. the following guide lines should be used to help ensure a proper layout. 1. the power traces (gnd, lx, vin) should be kept short, direct, and wide to allow large current flow. place sufficient multiple-layer pads when needed to change the trace layer. 2. the input capacitor (c1) should connect as closely as possible to in and gnd. 3. the output capacitor c2 and l1 should be connected as closely as possible. the connection of l1 to the lx pin should be as short as possible and there should not be any signal lines under the inductor. 4. the feedback trace or out pin should be separate from any power trace and connect as closely as pos- sible to the load point. sensing along a high-current load trace will degrade dc load regulation. if exter- nal feedback resistors are used, they should be placed as closely as possible to the out pin to min- imize the length of the high impedance feedback trace. 5. the resistance of the trace from the load return to gnd should be kept to a minimum. this will help to minimize any error in dc regulation due to differ- ences in the potential of the internal signal ground and the power ground.
16 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 step-down converter design example specifications v o = 1.8v @ 600ma (adjustable using 0.6v version), pulsed load ? i load = 300ma v in = 2.7v to 4.2v (3.6v nominal) f s = 2mhz t amb = 85c 1.8v output inductor l1 = 3 v o2 = 3 1.8v = 5.4h s a s a (use 4.7 h; see table 1) for sumida inductor cdrh3d16, 4.7 h, dcr = 105m ? . v o v o 1.8 v 1.8v i l1 = 1 - = 1 - = 109.2m a l1 f v in 4.7h 2mhz 4.2v i pkl1 = i o + i l1 = 0.6a + 0.055a = 0.655a 2 p l1 = i o 2 dcr = 0.6a 2 105m = 38mw 1.8v output capacitor v droop = 0.1v 1 23 1 1.8v (4.2v - 1.8v) 4.7h 2mhz 4.2v 23 rms i l1 f v in(max) = 3 i load v droop f s 3 0.3a 0.1v 2mhz c out = = = 4.48f; use 10f = 31.5marms (v o ) (v in(max) - v o ) = p esr = esr i rms 2 = 5m (31.5ma) 2 = 5w input capacitor input ripple v pp = 25mv c in = = = 3.4f; use 4.7f 1 - esr 4 f s v pp i o 1 - 5m w 4 2mhz 25mv 0.6a i o rms i p = esr i rms 2 = 5m (0.3a) 2 = 0.45mw 2 = = 0.3arms
17 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 aat1141 losses p total + (t sw f i o + i q ) v in i o 2 (r dson(hs) v o + r dson(ls) [v in -v o ] ) v in = = + (5ns 2mhz 0.6a + 70 a) 4.2v = 141mw 0.6 2 (0.35 1.8v + 0.3 [4.2v - 1.8v]) 4.2v t j(max) = t amb + ja p loss = 85 c + (150 c/w) 141mw = 106.2 c
18 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 adjustable version (0.6v device) v out (v) r2 = 59k ? r1 (k ? ) r2 = 316k ? 1 r1 (k ? ) l1 ( h) 0.8 19.6 105 2.2 0.9 29.4 158 2.2 1.0 39.2 210 2.2 1.1 49.9 267 2.2 1.2 59.0 316 2.2 1.3 68.1 365 2.2 1.4 78.7 422 4.7 1.5 88.7 475 4.7 1.8 118 634 4.7 1.85 124 732 4.7 2.0 137 1000 6.8 2.5 187 1270 6.8 3.3 267 1430 6.8 fixed version v out (v) r2 not used r1 (k ? ) l1 ( h) 0.6-3.3v 0 4.7 table 3: evaluation board component values. manufacturer part number inductance ( h) max dc current (a) dcr ( ? ) size (mm) lxwxh type sumida cdrh3d16-2r2 2.2 1.20 0.072 3.8x3.8x1.8 shielded sumida cdrh3d16-4r7 4.7 0.90 0.105 3.8x3.8x1.8 shielded sumida cdrh3d16-6r8 6.8 0.73 0.170 3.8x3.8x1.8 shielded sumida cdrh2d14 2.2 1.5 75 3.2x3.2x1.55 shielded 4.7 1.0 135 6.8 0.85 170 murata lqh2mcn4r7m02 4.7 0.40 0.80 2.0x1.6x0.95 non-shielded murata lqh32cn4r7m23 4.7 0.45 0.20 2.5x3.2x2.0 non-shielded coilcraft lpo3310-472 4.7 0.80 0.27 3.2x3.2x1.0 1mm coiltronics sd3118-4r7 4.7 0.98 0.122 3.1x3.1x1.85 shielded coiltronics sd3118-6r8 6.8 0.82 0.175 3.1x3.1x1.85 shielded coiltronics sdrc10-4r7 4.7 1.30 0.122 5.7x4.4x1.0 1mm shielded table 4: typical surface mount inductors. manufacturer part number value voltage temp. co. case murata grm219r61a475ke19 4.7 f 10v x5r 0805 murata grm21br60j106ke19 10 f 6.3v x5r 0805 murata grm21br60j226me39 22 f 6.3v x5r 0805 table 5: surface mount capacitors. 1. for reduced quiescent current, r2 = 316k ? .
19 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 ordering information output voltage 1 package marking 2 part number (tape and reel) 3 adj 0.6 to v in tsot23-5 yjxyy aat1141icb-0.6-t1 adj 0.6 to v in sot23-5 1axyy aat1141igv-0.6-t1 1.0 sot23-5 5axyy aat1141igv-1.0-t1 1.2 sot23-5 4vxyy aat1141igv-1.2-t1 1.5 sot23-5 5bxyy aat1141igv-1.5-t1 1.8 sot23-5 zexyy aat1141igv-1.8-t1 2.0 sot23-5 c4xyy aat1141igv-2.0-t1 3.0 sot23-5 5cxyy aat1141igv-3.0-t1 3.3 sot23-5 5dxyy aat1141igv-3.3-t1 skyworks green? products are compliant with all applicable legislation and are halogen-free. for additional information, refer to skyworks de?ition of green , document number sq04-0074. package information sot23-5 4 4 0.15 0.07 0.45 0.15 0.10 bsc 1.20 0.25 1.575 0.125 2.80 0.20 0.40 0.10 0.60 ref 2.85 0.15 1.90 bsc 0.95 bsc 1.10 0.20 10 5 gauge plane 0.075 0.075 0.60 ref all dimensions in millimeters. 1. contact sales for other voltage options. 2. xyy = assembly and date code. 3. sample stock is generally held on part numbers listed in bold .
20 aat1141 fast transient 600ma step-down converter data sheet skyworks solutions, inc. ? phone [781] 376-3000 ? fax [781] 376-3100 ? sales@skyworksinc.com ? www.skyworksinc.com 201979b ? skyworks proprietary information ? products and product information are subject to change without notice. ? mar ch 15, 2013 copyright ? 2012, 2013 skyworks solutions, inc. all rights reserved. information in this document is provided in connection with skyworks solutions, inc. (?skyworks?) products or services. these m aterials, including the information contained herein, are provided by skyworks as a service to its customers and may be used for informational purposes only by the customer. skyworks assumes no responsibility fo r errors or omissions in these materials or the information contained herein. sky- works may change its documentation, products, services, speci cations or product descriptions at any time, without notice. skyworks makes no commitment to update the materials or informati on and shall have no responsibility whatsoever for con icts, incompatibilities, or other dif culties arising from any future changes. no license, whether express, implied, by estoppel or otherwise, is granted to any intellectual property rights by this document . skyworks assumes no liability for any materials, products or information provided here- under, including the sale, distribution, reproduction or use of skyworks products, information or materials, except as may be p rovided in skyworks terms and conditions of sale. the materials, products and information are provided ?as is? without warranty of any kind, whether express, implied, statutory, or otherwise, including fitness for a particular purpose or use, merchantability, performance, quality or non-infringement of any intellectual property right; all such warranti es are hereby expressly disclaimed. skyworks does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics or other items contained within these materials. sk yworks shall not be liable for any damages, in- cluding but not limited to any special, indirect, incidental, statutory, or consequential damages, including without limitation , lost revenues or lost profits that may result from the use of the materials or information, whether or not the recipient of materials has been advised of the possibility of such damage. skyworks products are not intended for use in medical, lifesaving or life-sustaining applications, or other equipment in which the failure of the skyworks products could lead to personal injury, death, physical or en- vironmental damage. skyworks customers using or selling skyworks products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify skyworks for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. customers are responsible for their products and applications using skyworks products, which may deviate from published speci cations as a result of design defects, errors, or operation of products outside of pub- lished parameters or design speci cations. customers should include design and operating safeguards to minimize these and other risks. skyworks assumes no liabi lity for applications assistance, customer product design, or damage to any equipment resulting from the use of skyworks products outside of stated published speci cations or parameters. skyworks, the skyworks symbol, and ?breakthrough simplicity? are trademarks or registered trademarks of skyworks solutions, inc ., in the united states and other countries. third-party brands and names are for identi cation purposes only, and are the property of their respective owners. additional information, including relevant terms and co nditions, posted at www.skyworksinc.com, are incorporated by reference. tsot23-5 0.450 0.150 0.950 bsc 1.600 bsc 0.450 0.150 0.127 bsc detail "a" 2.800 bsc 1.900 bsc 0 + + 10 -0 top view end view detail "a" side view 0.950 0.150 0.050 0.050 2.900 bsc all dimensions in millimeters.

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